Tad Visnoh Paramam Padam and The Worship of Sri-Murti and Idolatry

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Tad Visnoh Paramam Padam






There are four Vedas, and it is taken that the Rg Veda is the principal one. Veda means knowledge and it has two major divisions – material and spiritual. There is the mundane knowledge of this phenomenal world and there is the spiritual or transcendental knowledge that is called in Sanskrit sabda-brahma, or knowledge of that which lies beyond the senses. In the modern world people are very busy with sensual knowledge – that which they can acquire through experimentation, what they acquire through touch, sight etc. Knowledge about transcendence is almost an imaginary thing in society. In other words, people doubt that it actually exists. When people want higher knowledge they look towards the heavens; they want to know something about life on other planets, life in another galaxy, but this is also within the mundane world. The desire to know something about life up there is also mundane because that is within the material sky. Transcendental knowledge lies beyond the material sky in the spiritual sky. The Vedas deals with all knowledge – mundane and transcendental.
To a certain extent we may discover mundane knowledge without the help of the Vedas. For example in the Vedas there are many references to flying machines and even inter-planetary travel and communication. Nowadays we have airplanes, rockets, space shuttles etc. All this is happening by man's own endeavor. First the Wright brothers invented the first airplane, and in time man traveled into space. Man is doing all of this without any reference to the Vedas. However, long before man even dreamt of flying, flying was there in the Vedas. But man has learnt to fly without directly approaching the Vedas. Thus, to a certain extent, material knowledge can be gained by ones own endeavor. The Vedas also inform us that there is life on other planets, but at present we have not discovered that by our own efforts. Yet the proposal is there. You can save so much time if you accept Vedic knowledge.
Why should we accept Vedic knowledge? The Vedic knowledge says there is life on other planets. Why should you accept that? Because it is quite logical. The Vedas proposed flying machines and inter-planetary travel thousands of years ago and now you have to come to know that is possible. So why should you reject the other proposal made by the Vedas that life is there on other planets? First accept that there is life on other planets. Whether you can contact that life or not is another question. But you can answer that primary question, "Yes, there is life on other planets, there is life throughout the universe." According to the Vedic knowledge of the universe, there is no place where life does not exist, and that life is in many variegated forms. Yet we struggle with the principle of accepting a higher authority and therefore we want to know everything through our own hard work, experiments and research.
We doubt the proposal that life exists throughout the universe, then for many years we presume that life can only exist in certain limited circumstances – that we can only find life here on this planet. If it is too hot, like on the sun, then how is it possible for life to exist there? If it is too cold, like the moon, then how is it possible for life to exist there? But then we discover that within our own world, deep within a volcano in the ocean, where the water is thousands of degrees – a place where we could never have imagined anything living before – some life-form can live within that extreme circumstance. So life exists in all places regardless of how extreme the environment may be. We may have experience of that – we may not. But through the Vedas we can know what is not knowable to us in this world. As I said, to a certain degree we may gain knowledge of this world by our own endeavor. But as regards transcendence, as regards that which is beyond the material field, that which is beyond the material sky, which is lying within the spiritual sky and is unknown and unknowable, the only means is the Vedic authorities, the Veda itself and the parampara. Parampara means the guru-disciple succession – a continuous line running for thousands of years that receives higher knowledge and cultivates the practices of sadhana, the practices to attain a higher realization. Only through this method can that which is beyond this world become known to us. This way of experience is actually far more substantial than how we experience the world today.
How do you experience the world today? You touch it. You see it. You hear it. You want to have some reciprocation with it. By doing these things you are sure that it exists. The spiritual world, the experience of transcendence, has more reality than that. In the morning we wake up and see the sun rising on the horizon. When knowledge of transcendence awakens in the heart, it is a more substantial experience than seeing the sun rise.
Those who are great sages, who are great mountains of realized knowledge so to speak, have a higher consciousness. They say that that transcendental world is the only reality and everything in this phenomenal world, eventually vanishes. So, the primary interest of a human being should be to journey towards transcendence and discover what is beyond this world.
Unfortunately we are all very, very busy with this world without even the slightest information that there exists another world beyond this one. When we say the “transcendental sky” we do not simply mean a sky filled with light where only a bird may be happy to fly and soar. The spiritual sky is filled with spiritual planets much greater than the planets of this mundane world. These are the Vaikuntha planets. There life exists without any material defect. The material defects are birth, death, old age and disease. These four things are the problems that everyone has to deal with. In Vaikuntha there is no such thing as birth, death, old age and disease. Once going there one never becomes old, one never becomes diseased, and one never dies. So the real purpose of human life is with this. That should be our direction – towards the transcendental world. How will we achieve that world? That should be the goal of life, and to achieve that goal one can look towards the Vedas. In the Rg Veda it says:
om tad visnoh paramam padam
sada pasyanti surayah
diviva caksur atatam
Visnu means the Supreme Person. The Absolute Truth is ultimately a person, a divine entity. His lotus feet are the most negligible part, the lowest part of His transcendental form and they are above all in this world. They are like the sun that passes in the sky. The sun is seeing all and blessing all. Similarly the lotus feet of the Supreme Lord are above all in this world, seeing all and blessing everyone. Before any work is performed, before any activity is taken up, the Vedic way is to remember the lotus feet of Visnu. We are moving under the watchful eye of the Supreme Lord at all times – we are under His glance, we are under His care, we are under His guardianship. Therefore there is no need for fear.
Fear in the Vedas is called bhaya. In varying degrees everyone is fearful in this world. Because of fear so much suffering is there. But there is no need of fear if we always remember that above everything the Supreme Lord is there, the Supreme controller. His watchful eye, His grace is always upon us. If we remember this then there is no need of fear and one can live life free from anxiety.
How to approach transcendence? That is the main subject of the Vedas. For those who are not ready to accept transcendence, for those who are not ready to accept the guardianship of the Supreme Lord, there are many other departments of knowledge to help in this temporary life. And gradually they may awaken to understand the ultimate value of human life.
Ancient Vedic civilization based itself on the transcendental goal, not on material achievements. Temples were grand and gorgeous whist people’s homes were very simple. Why did they live like that? We look back on them now and wonder that if they had the ability to build such marvelous wonders in stone, why didn’t they build homes for themselves that would last for hundreds of years? It is because they knew that ultimately this world is not our home. The temple represents transcendence –the abode of the Supreme Lord. That is grand and glorious. That will stand forever. But our life? Thousands upon millions of us we will simply come and go. This world is not our home – we cannot stay here forever. They applied this idea practically and lived very simply. Why do you want to build a home here? You cannot remain here forever. You have to fix your gaze, your consciousness, on the higher world and pass this life in a simple manner. At the end, when our body falls into the dust or is consigned to flames, our eternal consciousness will reach that transcendental world.
The Vedic people lived by the conception that the Supreme Absolute Truth, Visnu or Krsna, is always above all. In this way they lived happily.



The Worship of Sri-Murti and Idolatry







There is a great misunderstanding in the secular and religious world and especially within the Abrahamic traditions, (Judaism, Islam and Christianity) on the question of Deity worship. The English word 'idol' is usually used when describing any worship that concentrates on likenesses of demons, gods, goddesses, Visnu or Krsna. The term 'idol' has a very bad connotation in the west and conjures up images of pagans, heathens and other wild uncultured persons engaged in worshipping such things as animals or half-animal, half-human horned aberrations in the form of statues. These idols usually advocate lascivious activity like unrestricted sex, the taking of all kinds of drugs and even human sacrifice. Such idols are usually very mean spirited and lusty. 
 The American Heritage Dictionary describes an idol as: 
1. An image used as an object of worship. 
2. A false god. 
3. One that is adored, often blindly or excessively. 
4. Something visible but without substance.
That is the standard dictionary definition that leaves no room for doubt. Idol worship is a bad and sinful thing according to the religious. 
Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura, one of the foremost devotees of Lord Krsna in the 19th century, addresses the question of idolatry in his book Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, His Life and Precepts. The book was written for missionary purposes. It was Bhaktivinoda's desire to open the floodgate of love distributed by Caitanya Mahaprabhu and distribute it to the western world. The book was sent out in 1896 the very same year that Srila A.C. Bhaktivedanta Svami Prabhupada made his appearance. The booklet found its way into the library of McGill University in Canada, the library of the Royal Asiatic Society of London, and a few other highly respectable institutions.  This book is still available in many libraries in the western world. 
Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura acknowledged that there are those who object to the concept of worshipping the deity or Sri-murti (the Deity form of Lord Krsna). He wrote: 
They say, 'It is idolatry to worship Sri-murti. Sri-murti is an idol formed by an artist and introduced by no one other than Satan himself. Worshipping such an object would arouse the jealousy of God and limit His omnipotence, omniscience, and omnipresence!' To this we reply, 'Brethren! Candidly understand the question and do not allow yourself to be misled by sectarian dogmas. God is not jealous, as He is one without a second. Satan is no other than an object of the imagination or the subject of an allegory. An allegorical or imaginary being should not be allowed to act as an obstacle to the development of our loving relationship with God.'" 
Those in the darkest of ignorance who want to deify evil in the form of an imaginary being called Satan are really the ones who engage in idolatry by giving substance to something imaginary. Bhaktivinoda Thakura is of the same opinion here. It may also be added it would have been more prudent to give substance to good, rather than evil. The same people who decry the bona-fide method of Deity worship and call it idolatry, cannot give a clear or substantial description of God. However they have gone to great lengths to depict an evil devil called Satan or Lucifer, complete with horns and a three-pronged fork overseeing the fires of hell. Every person reared in the west has this image in their head, but they have no clear image of God there. We can thank Christianity more than any other sect for this irony. 
Speaking on the Abrahamic religions of Christianity and Islam, the Guardian of Devotion, Srila Bhakti Raksaka Sridhara Deva Gosvami Maharaja clearly says, 
"Some conception of God is there, but it is not so much developed as we find in Hindu ontology, or in the Vedas or Upanisads – in the revealed scriptures." (Divine Aspirations
The Abrahamic religions are indeed not very developed and the Guardian of Devotion alludes that Hindu ontology, which would include the worship of so many other divinities like Siva, Durga and Hanuman, in their deity form, is superior to Christianity and Islam. What we would call mainstream Hinduism has more sound concepts of theism.  He also indirectly states the Abrahamic scripture is not revealed scripture. It was the Bible, the Torah and the Koran, all Abrahamic scriptures, and those who follow them are responsible for the grave misunderstanding concerning deity worship. 
In his book, Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura – a pure lover of Krsna with the deepest transcendental insight – discloses that God is personal and all-beautiful; His holy and perfect personality exists eternally in the spiritual world of Vaikun†ha, the transcendental abode of God. He is identical with His all-beautiful form, having such powers as omnipresence, omniscience and omnipotence, complete with six opulences in full viz. all wealth, all power, all renunciation, all wisdom, all fame and all beauty.  This disclosure is backed by volumes of transcendental revealed scripture like the Srimad Bhagavatam and Srimad Bhagavad-gita. 
The pure lovers of Krsna who have seen Him face to face have left us descriptions of this most wonderful person, therefore Bhaktivinoda Thakura says, 
"According to those descriptions, one delineates a Sri-murti and sees the great God of our heart there with intense pleasure. Brethren! Is that wrong or sinful?"
The acaryas coming in disciplic succession through the Brahma Madhva Gaudiya Vaisnava sampradaya teach not only is it not sinful to worship Krsna in His deity form but it is one of the paramount practices of devotion. And Krsna Himself derides those who do not recognize Him as the Supreme Lord of all that be. Those who decry Krsna and the worship of Krsna are called 'fools' by the Supreme Lord Krsna Himself. This was deliberated by the Supreme Lord at the battle of Kuruksetra 5,000 years ago. Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura continues: 
"Those who say that God has no form, either material or spiritual, and at the same time imagine a false form for worship are certainly idolatrous; but those who see the spiritual form of the Deity in their soul's eyes, carry that impression as far as possible to the mind, and then frame an emblem for the satisfaction of the material eye for continual study of the higher feeling are by no means idolatrous. When seeing a Sri-murti, do not even see the image itself, but see the spiritual model of the image and you are a pure theist. Idolatry and Sri Murti worship are two different things!" 
Yes, it is a fact that idol worship does take place in this material world. The worship of many imagined entities takes place in all corners of the world from India to America. Idol worship is real and going strong. But the beautiful form of Krsna does not fall into that category. Even the forms of different demigods whose descriptions are found throughout the revealed scriptures are also a bona-fide method of worship even if not followed by the Gaudiya Vaisnava adherents. Krsna Himself states such worship is for the less intelligent but, none-the-less, such divinities do exist and by worshipping them many have attained material boons.  We must comment here on one point that is touchy in the Vaisnava world at this time. Many followers of Caitanya Mahaprabhu embrace the leaders of religious movements like Christianity that have very sketchy credentials. Not only do they have very lightweight credentials, but such movements decry the worship of demigods like Lord Siva. In fact, the worship of such demigods is far superior to the Abrahamic traditions, including Christianity that were created out of thin air with no revealed scripture or disciplic succession as backing. We might ask our readers who have some affinity for scriptures and dogmas that lack clear definition of Godhead and decries the worship of Krsna as 'idol worship' to reconsider their sentiments. As Bhaktivinoda Thakura has said,  "Do not allow yourself to be misled by sectarian dogmas." 
Caitanya Mahaprabhu put much emphasis on the worship of Sri-murti and placed it on the top of the list along with association of devotees, residing in a holy dhama, hearing Srimad Bhagavatam and Chanting the Holy Name. So important is the worship of the Deity that Bhaktivnoda Thakura says,  
"To tell you the truth, Sri-murti worship is the only true worship of the Deity, without which you cannot sufficiently cultivate your religious feeling. The world attracts you through your senses, and as long as you do not see God in the objects of your senses, you live in an awkward position, which scarcely helps you in procuring spiritual elevation. Place a Sri-murti in your house. Think that God Almighty is the guardian of the home. Offer food to Him and take it as His prasada (mercy). Flowers and scents should also be offered to Him and accepted as prasada. The eye, ear, nose, skin and tongue all have a spiritual culture. You do it with a holy heart and God will know it and judge you by your sincerity. If divine compassion, love and justice could be portrayed by the pencil and expressed by the chisel, then why shouldn't the personal beauty of the Deity be portrayed in poetry or in picture or expressed by the chisel for the benefit of man?" 
Srila Bhaktivinoda Thakura at the time of his writing 'Sri Caitanya Mahaprabhu, His Life and Precepts' was entering into uncharted waters trying to persuade the people of the west to consider the creed of the Gaudiya Vaisnavas and to learn something about Sri Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu. No doubt he spoke in a way as not to offend those he was trying to bring into the fold of Mahaprabhu. But even so if we read between the lines, the Thakura makes some pretty strong statements indirectly condemning the Christians for creating an idol called the devil while criticizing the worship of bona-fide Deities. The Thakura boldly asks the Christian world to embrace and engage in the worship of Sri-murti
Srila A.C Bhaktivedanta Svami Prabhupada has written in the Sri Caitanya-caritamrta
"Because the material elements are the Lord's own energy and because there is no difference between the energy and the energetic, the Lord can appear through any element. Just as the Sun can act through the sunshine and thus distribute its heat and light, so Krsna, by His inconceivable power, can appear in His original spiritual form in any material element, including stone, wood, paint, gold, silver and jewels, because the material elements are all His energy. The scriptures warn that one should never think of the Deity within the temple as simply stone, wood or any other material element." 
Not only do the followers of Mahaprabhu worship the beautiful form of Krsna but they also are of the opinion anyone who sees such forms as material or who decry such forms are sinful miscreants. So-called scripture or dogmas and institutions that decry the worship of Krsna in his deity form are sacrilegious, not fit for a sane and sober man on the progressive path back to Godhead, they should be rejected like stool. 
The example is given of the authorized mailbox. If one places letters in the government authorized mailbox the letter arrives at it's destination. However if one without the authority to do so erects his own mailbox the letters placed there will go nowhere. Similary, those on the platform of Love for God who have seen Him are qualified to install His beautiful form. Krsna accepts such a form as His own and in this way accepts our service. The prayers, offerings worship and all other forms of service reach the Supreme Lord in that authorized form.  But if one is not authorized and using his own imagination tries to establish worship then indeed that image would be valueless, such worship would bare only sour fruit as all idolatry does. 
Krsna, the Lord of all that be, is all-powerful and He may appear anywhere at anytime and through any element He so chooses. If His devotee desires He appear in His Sri-murti form, He can do it.  Not only does Krsna appear to us as Sri-murti but He relishes accepting the love and devotion rendered to him by those, who, with a pure heart, serve Him selflessly in that form. 
All glories to Sri-murti the transcendentally beautiful form of Krsna resplendent with all opulence and storehouse of all transcendental bliss and rasa






 







Om Tat Sat
                                                        
(Continued...) 


(My humble salutations to  H H Sri Swami B G Narasingha ji and Sri Swamy Haridasa Babaji Maharaj for the collection)


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