(Kavitraya) MAHAA BHAARAT (In Simple English)

Originally written in Sanskritby Bhagavan Veda Vyaasa
(Krishna Dvaipaayana)
Translated into Telugu (a Regional Language of South India)
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Sri Nannaya Bhattaarakah  
Sri Tikkana Somayaaji
Sri Yerra Pragada.
Saint Vaisampaayana continued to tell the story of Mahabharata to Janamejaya.
After taking leave from Dharmaja, Sanjaya left for Hastinapura.
Next day, Dharmaja, along with his brothers and other kings, intended to approach Sri Krishna to discuss about the future course of action.
"Let all of us go to Sri Krishna and request him to proceed to Hastinapura as an emissary on our behalf. With this attempt, we can avoid war successfully. We can avoid the calamity of killing each other in the war." said Dharmaja.
Then all of them arrived at the place where Sri Krishna was staying. Dharmaja said:
"O Lord Sri Krishna! We treat you as our friend, guide and philosopher. You are our relation. In view of our affinity, we request you to proceed to Hastinapura as our representative. We hope that Suyodhana will heed to your words. We will get back our kingdom. You are treating us equal to your sons. Please help us" prayed Yudhishtira.
On hearing those words, Krishna said: "Dharmaja! I will do as you like. Tell me what you expect me to do?" asked Sri Krishna.
Dharmaja told Sri Krishna thus: "We have heard what the intention of Dhritarashtra and his sons, is, through Sanjaya. Sanjaya is the soul of Dhritarashtra and spoke out of his mind. Dhritarashtra seeks to make peace with us without giving us our kingdom. As per his command, we spent twelve years in the forest and one additional year in concealment. Still Dhritarashtra is not abiding by his word. He has got great love affection towards his son. He is unable to mend him. Owing to affection for his son, he is listening to the cousels of wicked men and behaving untruthfully towards us. What can be more danger and sorrow for us than this? We are keeping quiet as useless fellows wihout knowing how to solve this problem amicably.
O Krishna, on that day, in the open assembly, to the hearing of one all, I prayed for only five villages. It is true. But I doubt whether Suyodhana will give even those five villages asked for by me. Even then, I am not inclined to wage war against them. Even if I keep quiet without asking for any share in the kingdom, how can I feed those who are depending on me. Therefore, an amicable settlement with Kouravas is necessary.
Krishna! Kouravas are my enemies. Still, why should I kill them in war? Is there any other amicable solution for this problem without war? We have numerous kinsmen, and numerous also are the revered seniors, friends and relatives on the side of Kouravas. The slaughter of these would be highly sinful. What good, therefore, can there be in battle? If such sinful practices are the duties of the Kshatriya order, I cannot bear this calamity.
Whether those practices be sinful or virtuous, any other than the profession of arms would be censurable for us. Have we to compulsorily wage war and have our livelihood? But it is not my intention. If we wage war, we will get back our kingdom. But there will be loss of life. War is a sin. It is true. O Krishna! Both parties cannot win success, nor both be defeated. The loss, however, on both sides may be equal. We may win or lose. We cannot say. If we are defeated in war, it will be worse than death. Victory creates animosity, and he that is defeated lives in sorrow. He that is peaceful, sleeps in happiness, giving up all thoughts of victory and defeat, whereas he that has provoked hostility always sleeps in misery, with an anxious heart, as if sleeping with a snake in the same room.
Enmity, O Kesava, is never neutralised by enmity; on the other hand, it is fomented by enmity. But we cannot suffer at the hands of enemies. Therefore, to destroy enemity, we have to act cruelly. It is certain that by fomenting enemity and hostility, there will be misery than happiness. Therefore, attaining peace is better by all means. I am aspiring for my kingdom without waging war. Because, by waging war, there will loss of life, loss of property and loss of prosperity and loss of community. Therefore it is better to have an amicable solution without resorting to war.
You need not show any partisan attitude towards us. You can find out a just and reasonable solution, according to Dharma, agreeable to both sides. Even if they do not agree for your softspoken words, you can use some harsh language and settle the matter. Dhritarashtra's affection for his son is great. Obedient to his son, he will reject our submission. Still keep patience. Dont give finality to the matter as if there is no scope for mediation. My mind is disturbed with all these problems. Please lead us in a just and proper way. Your word is final for us.
At times I feel that it is not good to approach Suyodhana, because they are bad and cruel. They will never heed your words. They will go to any extent. I will never accept even the throne of Indra, in case you suffer any evil at the hands of Kouravas." said Dharmaja with an agitated mind.
"Dharmaja! not only Suyodhana, his father Dhritarashtra is equally wicked. Your words are true. I can understand your anxiety. But you need not worry about me. If I get angry, none will remain there to fight with me. Send me to Hastinapura. At this juncture, it is better to go to Hastinapuram. We can reveal our intentions to the elders in their court." said Sri Krishna.
"O Krishna! if you feel it just to go to Hastinapura and visit the Kuru assembly, you can do so and effect mediation between us because it would in favour of both sides. You know much about us and also about Kouravas. You know what is friendship. You know how to deal with this critical task. I am not that much learned to tell you." said Dharmaja.

"Dharmaja! I heard what you have said and also what had been said by Sanjaya. You are a righteous person. They never leave animosity. They regard themselves strong, having Bhishma and Drona and Kripa and others on their side. You are also kshatriyas. Victory or death in battle, has been eternally ordained by the Creator; even that is the duty of a Kshatriya. They are enjoying the kingdom acquired by them by illegal means. They never part with even a smallest portion. The sons of Dhritarashtra are not afraid of Adharma. Do not show any compassion for that wretch of such disposition. They deserve death at the hands of Pandavas. Take back your kingdom and enjoy the royal pleasrues. Acquire name and fame.
On that day, in the full assembly, they caused you much hardship and mental agony. They are not repenting for those acts till today. Is it just and proper to show compassion, kindness towards them. Will any body there in the world who will not pounce upon them with anger.

While the match at dice was in progress, the wretched Dussasana of most wicked soul, seizing that weeping lady by the hair, dragged princess Draupadi, as if she had no protectors, to the assembly of kings, and in the presence of Bhishma and Drona and others, spoke such words which cannot be repeated here. Restrained by you , your brothers of terrible prowess, bound also by the bonds of virtue, did nothing to avenge it. On that day, every body cursed Dhritarashtra. All the wicked were already killed by God. It is easy for you to kill them in the battle. Therefore, the wicked Kouravas are fit to be killed. The sinful and evil-minded Duryodhana deserves death at the hands of every one, even like a serpent. Kill him, and hesitate not in the least.
But you should pay homage to your father Dhritarashtra and also to Bhishma and other elders. In the presence of all kings I will enumerate all those virtues of yours, as also all the vices of Duryodhana. And hearing me speaking such beneficial words, the rulers of various realms will regard you as possessed of a virtuous soul, and as a speaker of truth, while at the same time, they will understand how Duryodhana is actuated by avarice. I shall strive to make peace without sacrificing your interests. If the matter is amicably settled, it willbe well and good for all. Even if the peace talks fail, I willbe in a position to assess their preparations and arrangements for war and also assess their strength and power.

As long as he lives, Duryodhana will, by no means, be able to give back your kingdom. I think war with the enemy is certain. All the omens that are noticeable by me point to that. Making ready their weapons, let all your warriors be prepared for battle, and let them take care of their elephants and horses and cars." said Sri Krishna.
On hearing these words, Bhimasena spoke thus: "Sri Krishna! Dont threaten us about war. First you proceed to Hastinapura. Dont deal with Suyodhana roughly. Behave with him mildly and try for an amicable settlement. Duryodhana is by nature sinful of heart. He is intoxicated with the pride of prosperity. He always acts against the words of his own men and wounds their hearts. He never cares for anybody.
From the beginning he wasnot caring me. He was always picking up quarrels with me. What can we do? As per the wish of my brother Dharmaja, we have to settle the matter with them amicably. I cannot avoid companionship with him. Originally, we were all living amicably. Due to his greediness only, all this had happened. He has become a destroyer of Kuru Dynasty. Atleast you put him in a right direction. He will never change till his death. All of us would, rather in humiliation, follow Duryodhana submissively. Krishna, in the open assembly, to the hearing of our grand father and our Grand father Bheeshma and our preceptor Drona, you tell Suyodhana on my behalf that we are brothers and we should not quarrel amongst us in such a way that others will point their finger towards us. Let us follow the words of elders and divide the kingdom amongst ourselves and enjoy. That would be better.
Krishna! somehow or other, you should see that the matter is settled amicably. If all the brothers are living together, the entire world will be happy. " said Bheema.
On hearing these words of Bheema, Krishna laughed at him and said: "Is it Bheema who has spoken these words? Or am I mistaken! As if the mountains had lost their weight and fire had become cold, you are speaking about amicable settlement. Have you forgotten your vow? Is it not fighting with enemies and frighten them with your prowess; putting an end to the pride of Suyodhana; endowing the entire kingdom to your brother, Dharmaja. You know not what fear is. But you are exhibiting such a cowardice which is unknown to Bheema. Who taught you this kind of cowardice?" laughed Sri Krishna.
Bheema grew angry. "Krishna! please hold your tongue. We are all bound by the word of our brother Dharmaja. You know about my vigour and valour. How you speak like this? If necessary I will move both earth and heaven. Mind it." said Bheema.
"Oh Bheema! why you are so angry. It is a joke. Dont be angry. Dont I know about your prowess. As you have spoken those words, having forgotten about the hardship caused to you by Suyodhana, I spoke like that. Arjuna requested me to be his charioteer and I agreed for that. If you are not by our side, how can we acquire victory"

Krishna pacified Bheema.
"O Krishna! what you are talking? Will I keep quiet with foldedhands, while you and Arjuna are fighting with enemies? First you proceed to Hastinapura and have comfortable reconciliation between us. Bheema will never get angry with your words. If war were to happen, I will break the heads of elephants and smash the horses. You will astonish about my untiring efforts in the battle." said Bheema holding his mace.
"Bheemaa! I know your strength, vigour and prowess. You will do more than what you said. I will certainly go to the Kuru assembly and make my efforts for settlement. If at all war is imminent, you alone should save us." said Krishna with a smile.
Then Arjuna spoke to Krishna: "O Krishna! Yudhishthira has already told you what should be spoken to in the Kuru assembly. But, hearing what you have said, it seems to me that you do not think peace to be easily obtainable either in consequence of Dhritarashtra's greediness or from our present weakness. You will accomplish that which is for the good of both the Kurus and the Pandavas. Beholding ourselves vanquished by sinful means and banished to the forests, I thought that Suyodhana deserves death at my hands. Hence, you said that war is inevitable.

Surely, you know how Draupadi was insulted in the midst of the assembly by Duryodhana of sinful soul and how also we bore it with patience. But dont keep all of them in mind while mediating with Suyodhana and restore peace. This is all what I wish." said Arjuna.

"Arjuna! I will strive to bring about that which would be beneficial to both the Pandavas and the Kurus. But Suyodhana will never make peace by giving up the kingdom. Had he inclined to partwith the half share in the kingdom, he would not have fomented the enimity since childhood.

I will tell you one thing. Remember his words at the time of capturing the cows of Virata. Bheeshma said that the hero who has come is Phalguna and it cannot be said that we can conquer him easily. He solicited Suyodhana about peace so beneficial to all. Suyodhana did not consent to part with the smallest portion of the kingdom. Now how can he agree for peace. However I will go to the Kuru assembly to know about their views regarding war." said Sri Krishna.

Then Nakula spoke thus: "Krishna! I follow what my brothers have said. The anger and anguish influenced us while we were in forest and exile, is not now in our mind. Simply because they committed a wrong, we need not repeat the same. After the defeat at the hands of Arjuna, I think, there may be a change in the minds of Suyodhana and his followers. They know pretty well that we are now equipped with seven akshouhini army and an emininent personality like you. Besides we have the support of the Kings of Panchala, Yadava, Pandya, Matsya and other kingdoms. Will they not frighten about Bheema and Arjuna? Will not Bhishma and Drona convince Suyodhana? I hope that your softspoken words of Dharma will certainly bring a change in their minds. You will succeed in your mission. We will get back our kingdom" said Nakula.

On hearing the words of Nakula, Sahadeva said thus: "Krishna! my brothers have spoken softly denying war. You have heard them without speaking a single word. You are going to Kuru assembly for begging for our due share in the kingdom. What Krishna! Do you expect that Suyodhana will part with the half share in the Kingdom. Not at all. I do not how the valiant warriors like Bheema and Arjuna are speaking like this. How the kings, who have come all the way from far off places to fight on our behalf, will think about us and also about Dharmaja's begging for a share in the kingdom; Krishna's proposal for half share and restoration of peace and Suyodhana's refusal. Will there be any heinous act than this. Will this begging food be delicious for us. Even if they give a small portion in the kingdom, the mediation will fail. War is certain.

You tell Suyodhana on my behalf like this: "Suyodhana! if you are placed in our position, what will you do? After spending 13 years in exile, If you ask for a half share and if we refuse, how you will think of us. Therefore, you have to divide the kingdom and give us our due share. Oherwise, your death in war is certain. We are not now in a position to heed your words. Tell him that these are the words of Sahadeva." told Sahadeva.
Satyaki felt very happy on hearing the words of Sahadeva. "O Sahadeva! You have spoken correctly. There is no use of preaching sermons to Suyodhana. We will lose our prestige. All the kings assembled here are in favour of war. Viewing from any angle, war is our first and foremost task." said Satyaki. All have acclaimed the words of Sahadeva and Satyaki.

Then Droupadi rose from her seat and said: "Besides grabbing our kingdom by deceitful means, and sending us to forests, they sent Sanjaya to console us. Yudhishtira was flattered with those words and requested for five villages. Even if they refuse to give those five villages, he will keep quiet. What a wonder it is! Dharmaja may shower his love and affection towards his brother, Suyodhana and swallow all those insults caused to him. But if he keeps quiet even without asking for a share in the kingdom, will there be any cowards, useless, incompetent and shameless people like Pandavas, on earth.
Krishna! why should we prove ourselves as lowest of all. This mediation is certainly in their favour. Kouravas are nothing before Pandavas. Are they Brahmins deserving pardon, even if they commit any number of mistakes and sins. I am sure that Suyodhana will never pay heed to your words. If again the war atmosphere repeats in the Kuru assembly, what will Pandavas do? Will they again go back to exile or declare war against Kouravas? This is what I meant. You do as you like.

Krishna! I was born from sacred fire. I entered Bharata Race. I became the daughter in law of King Pandu. My husbands are endowed with great vigour and valour. I got more powerful sons. You are regarding me more than your sister, Subhadra. After taking the holy bath, on completion of Rajasuya Yada, my hair became pure and sacred. Such hair were caught by a wicked person like Dussasana, who dragged me into the open assembly, and insulted me in the presence of my husbands. Will anybody do like this? While my husbands were sitting with their heads down, I prayed you with great devotion. You should remember all these things, while having peace talks with them.
On that day, King Dhritarashtra insulted me like a servant. If I were to go before him along with my husbands, shall I have to stand before him as a servant or as a daughter in law. Think about this also."

So saying she suddenly stood up and held her long black hair in her hand. "Krishna! This is the hair caught and dragged by Dussaasana. You also keep this in mind while having peace talks with them. My mind will rest in peace only when the hands of Dussaasana are brutally severed in the war field. The heart burning will not extinguish unless myself and Yushishtira will both behold the dead body of Suyodhana. Otherwise, why for the mighty bow, Gaandeevam, in the hands of Arjuna and the heavy mace in the hands of Bheema, except tobe burnt. Having five mighty warriors as my husbands and yourself as my brother, I am bearing this fire of insult. How long I have to bear this insult like this, I do not know." said Droupadi.

On hearing these words Krishna said: "O Droupadi! Rest assured that Kouravas will never give our share in the kingdom. War is certain and all the Kouravas will die in the war. So far you have suffered a lot. The same sufferings will be meted out by the wives of Kouravas also. Kouravas never heed my words as the sound of bells tied round the neck of buffaloe of Yama, are ringing in their ears. Therefore war is imminent. It is the truth." said Krishna, consoling Droupadi.

"Krishna! kindly do justice for both of us. This is all what I want to say" said Arjuna.
"Krishna! Your birth star is Rohini. Tomorrow star is Revathi. Chandra Bala and Tara bala are very good for you tomorrow. Hence tomorrow is most auspicious for your journey." said Yudhishtira.

Then Krishna called Satyaki and asked him to put his Mace and Chakra and other weapons in the chariot. He fixed some Yadavas to follow him to Hastinapuram. He also asked Satyaki to be along with him during the visit of Hastina. Krishna ordered his charioteer, Daruka, to make his chariot ready for travel.
Next day, Krishna left Upaplavya for Hastina. Dharmaja and Arjuna gave him send off at the outskirts.

"Krishna! My mother Kunti is in Hastinapura. Kindly meet her and inform her about our welfare. Kindly convey my pranams to her. Also kindly convey my pranams to my preceptors, Drona and Krupacharya and also to Vidura." said Dharmaja.

Krishna accepted his request and left Upaplavyam. He made a halt at Kusasthali. Dhritarashtra came to know about the arrival of Sri Krishna. Immediately he convened a meeting with Bheeshma, Drona, Vidura, Suyodhana, Karna, Saindhava and Sakuni.
"Krishna is arriving to Hastinapura on an important mission. We have to receive him with due honors. Make arrangements immediately for a grand reception." ordered Dhritharashtra.

On hearing about the arrival of Sri Krishna, Bheeshma and Vidura felt very happy. Suyodhana had taken this responsibility.

"Vidura! we have to provide a suitable palace for the comfortable stay of Sri Krishna at Hastinapura. We have to gratify Sri Krishna with our valuable offerings." said Dhritarashtra.

"O King Dhritarashtra! We have no capacity to offer five villages to Pandavas. How can we offer valuable items to Krishna. I could read your mind. You are seeking to make him happy by means of your wealth; and you seek to separate Kesava from the Pandavas. Are you such an unwise man. Even if you offer Mount Meru, Krishna will never leave Arjuna. Offer him only a vessel of water, only the washing of his feet, make only the usual enquiries about his welfare that is sufficient Janardana will not accept any other hospitality or set his eyes on any other thing. Accomplish his desire of benefiting both parties, for which he has come. Kesava desires peace to be established between you and Duryodhana on one side and the Pandavas on the other. " said Vidura.
"What Vidura said is true. Sri Krishna will never leave Pandavas. It is definite. If we try to gratify him with our valuable offerings, others may think that we are doing all these things due to the fear about Pandavas. Our enemies may take advantage of this. It is not good for us" said Suyodhana.

"O king! Worshipped or not worshipped, Janardana never becomes angry. He is coming here only to help Pandavas. Do without hesitation what Krishna says and bring about peace with the Pandavas through Vasudeva." said Bheeshma.
"Krishna will come and tell us to give half share in the kingdom to Pandavas. I will never agree for it. Let it be. As you said, Sri Krishna is the whole and soul of Pandavas. Now, if we imprison Sri Krishna, Pandavas will be like parrots with broken wings. All Yadavas, Panchalas, will come to our side. I will rule the entire universe. I am making arrangements in that direction. Now you can speak as you like" said Suyodhana.
All are astonished on hearing the words of Suyodhana. "What! Do you imprison Sri Krishna! Are you mad! Give up this wicked idea. Sri Krishna is arriving here as an ambassador. We have to respect him. It is our Dharma. What is the wrong he committed for being imprisoned? " asked Dhritarashtra.

"O King! Your sons will vanish if he impirsons Sri Krishna. I cannot stay here any more. I am leaving" so saying Bheeshma left that place.
Later, Dhritarashtra deputed Bheeshma, Drona, Bahlika and others to receive Sri Krishna at the outskirts of Hastinapura. All have gone to the outskirts and offered him a grand reception.

Sri Krishna followed by Satyaki entered Hastinapuram. On arrival of Sri Krishna, Dhritarahstra hugged Sri Krishna and enquired about the welfare of pandavas. Sri Krishna also enquired about the Welfare of Dhritarashtra and his family members. Dhritarashtra offered him Arghyam and Padyam. Sri Krishna, on behalf of Yudhishtira, offered his Pranams to Bheeshma, Drona and other elders. With the permission of Dhritarashtra, Sri Krishna proceeded to the palace of Vidura. Then he proceeded to the palace where Kunti was staying.

Beholding Sri Krishna, Kunti wept and Krishna consoled her. "O Krishna! There is nothing unknown to you. My sons are righteous. Instead of enjoying royal plealsures, they were sent to forest, deserting me also. Is Yudhishtira safe? What about Bheema and Arjuna? The twins Nakula and Sahadeva are safe? Is my Daughter in law Droupadi doing well? I like her very much. I cannot foreget her services.
I am very much annoyed on hearing about the insult meted out by her in the open assembly. Except Vidura, none assailed that incident. Krishna! It is very painful for me to eat the unpleasant food offered by Kouravas all these thirteen years. But I treated Suyodhana and others as my own sons. It is true. I cannot blame anybody for what had happened.

Krishna! Why pandavas are aspiring for the wealth by begging others. Tell Dharmaja that nobody cares for a warrior without prowess. Why should Kshatriya lady gives birth to children? Only with fond hope that they should become mighty warriors with great vigour and valour. Otherwise, they cannot be foremost of all men. You tell this to Bheema and Arjuna. Living with cowardice is not the nature of Kshatriya order. Kshatriyas should live as mighty heroes with great prowess. Tell this to Nakula and Sahadeva. Still if they do not understand my words, let them learn from Droupadi." said Kunti.

"O aunt Kunti! Dont worry. Your sons are not cowards. They are mighty heroes with intelligence, prowess, wisdom and energy. They will enjoy only heroic pleasures." said Krishna.

"Krishna! Pandavas treat you as their father, preceptor and God. You have to look after their welfare. None will land in troubles if they trust you." said Kunti.
Then Krishna proceeded to the palace of Suyodhana followed by Satyaki and Kritavarma. At that time, Suyodhana was sitting on his throne surrounded by Bheeshma, Drona, Karna, Sakuni, Saindhava, Dussaasana, Vikarna, Durmukha and others. On hearing about the arrival of Sri Krishna, Suyodhana received him and offered a suitable seat. Krishna hugged Suyodhana and Dussaasana and enquired about their welfare.
Suyodhana invited Sri Krishna for a dinner in his palace. Sri Krishna rejected his offer smoothly.

"Krishna! Having come to my house, not accepting dinner offered by me is not proper.

You are equivalent to both Pandavas and us. My father likes you very much. What is the reason for not accepting my dinner?" asked Suyodhana.
"Suyodhana! I have come here as a mediator, as an emissary to mediate between you.

Hence it is not proper on my part to take dinners or receive any offerings. Soon after my mission is accomplished, I will certainly dine with you." said Krishna.

"Mediation is different. Dinner is different. What is the link between these two. Let us dine together and then settle the matters. I do not find any valid reason for not accepting my dinner" said Suyodhana.

"Food offered with love and affection is more delicious than the food taken at a place where danger is lurking. Of course, I am not anticipating any danger from your side. But for the present, I cannot dine in your house. While taking food at a hostile place, suspicision is natural. You bore grudge against Pandavas. They are dearer to me. Since their childhood, you are showing some unreasonable hatredness. Everybody knows it. Is it just to bear grudge upon such a righteous people. Hence I thought it fit not to dine in your house who are bearing grudge against Pandavas. I will dine in the house of Vidura." said Krishna.

Then he took leave from Suyodhana and left for the palace of Vidura.
Vidura received Sri Krishna with utmost devotion and offered him arghyam and Padyam and good food. Sri Krishna dined with Vidura. While taking rest, Vidura told Sri Krishna:

" Dhritarashtra's son is wicked and wrathful, insults others, and disobeys the commands of the aged. He is, O Madhava, a transgressor of the scriptures, and of wicked soul, already overtaken by fate, untractable, and disposed to do evil to those that seek his good. His soul is possessed by desire and lust. He foolishly regards himself as very wise. He is the enemy of all his true friends. He is endued with these and many other vices. He will never heed your words. The foolish son of Dhritarashtra has arrived at the conclusion that Karna, single-handed, is competent to vanquish his foes.On hearing about your arrival, they have decided not to heed your words, not to part with the half share in the kingdom, and rule the entire universe for themselves. All the kings gathered here are those who were defeated by Pandavas at the time of Rajasooya Yaga. They are now ready to fight against Pandavas. Hence this peace mission will fail. Time has come for them. Therefore they are provoking for war. Hence, you should not go into the midst of these wicked-minded wretches seated together. Therefore, dont go there. This is my request" said Vidura.

"Vidura! I entirely agree with you. But they should know why I have come? I should know what they feel about my visit! I know the wickedness of Suyodhana. I know that they will never agree for mediation. If a man striving to the best of his abilities to perform a virtuous act meets with failure, I have not the least doubt that the merit of that act becomes his, notwithstanding such failure. I will sincerely endeavour, to bring about peace between the Kurus and the Pandavas who are about to be slaughtered in battle, so that persons outside may not afterwards say that though competent, still Krishna did not make any attempt to restrain the Kurus and the Pandavas from slaughtering one another. If after listening to my auspicious words, the foolish Duryodhana does not accept them, he will only invite his fate." said Krishna.

Later, Vidura took leave from Sri Krishna and went to sleep. Next day morning, Sri Krishna was sitting along with Satyaki and Kruta Varma in the inner apartment of Vidura and were talking with each other. Suyodhana accompanied by Karna and Dussaasana arrived there.

After talking for a while, Suyodhana said: "O Krishna! my father, Dhritarashtra, along with his relatives friends, and ministers was sitting in the assembly and I have come to invite you to the Kuru assembly.

Then Krishna, accompanied by Satyaki and Krutavarma, followed Suyodhana, Dussaasana, Karna and Sakuni to the Kuru assembly. At the assembly, Vidura received Sri Krishna with due honours and lead him to his seat.

To hear the message of Sri Krishna, Narada and other sages and saints also arrived there and seated on respectable seats.

Satyaki and Krutavarma seated on either side of Sri Krishna. Vidura sat behind Sri Krishna. Suyodhana and Karna sat side by side. Gandhara King, Sakuni sat separately along with his sons. All were anxiously waiting to hear what Sri Krishna will say.
Sri Krishna rose from his seat and said: "O King Dhritarashtra! You are well aware of all the facts. Keeping in view the welfare of Bharata Race, in order that peace may be established between the Kurus and the Pandavas without a slaughter of the heroes, I have come here to tell few words beneficial to both.

It is better that both Panadavas and Kouravas should live amicably like milk and water and it is your responsibility to accomplish this task. You have no partiality between Pandavas and Kouravas. Your Bharata race owing to its learning and righteous behaviour, and owing also to its being adorned with every accomplishment, is most distinguished among all royal dynasties.

Joy in the happiness of others, grief at sight of other people's misery, desire to alleviate distress, abstention from injury, sincerity, forgiveness, and truth,--these, prevail amongst the Kurus. Then your race, therefore, O king, is so noble.

In such a race, yourself and your brother King Pandu, your sons and son of King Pandu were born. It would be a pity if anything improper was done by any one belonging to such a great race, and greater pity still if it were done by you. You are solely responsible for all good and bad done in your Kuru race. You have to look after the welfare of all your family members.

Your wicked sons, headed by Duryodhana, abandoning both virtue and truth, disregarding morality, and deprived of their senses by avarice, are now acting most unrighteously towards, their foremost of kinsmen. It is better if Kouravas behave in a righteous manner and live peacefully. Otherwise, it will then produce a universal slaughter(war). Therefore, O king Dhritarashtra! kindly keep confidence in my words and solve this problem amicably. It is in your hands. You are capable of establishing peace.

Now, let us compare the strength of the warriors on both sides. Kindly tell me who will fight with Bheema and Arjuna effectively on your side. Equally, there are none on side of Pandavas who can attack Bheeshma and Drona. Therefore, instead of mass killings in war, it is better to effect peaceful settlement between brothers.

You are the Emperor of this Kuru Dynasty. Kouravas and Pandavas are your sons. Is it proper on your part to have hostile attitude on one side. If you are indifferent to the situation it will end in mass masssacre.O King Dhritarashtra! if anybody dies either in your side or on the side of Pandavas, you have to suffer. That suffering will not favour you in any manner. Both Pandavas and Kouravas are wise, learned and of great prowess. Is it wise on your part to keep quiet while they are dying in an unwanted war. Therefore, strive for peace by restraining your sons. Then you will be acclaimed by one and all.

Besides that, Pandavas lost their father while they were infants. Since then, you brought them up with love and affection. Is it just on your part to leave them now without any reason. You have to shower your love and affection throughout their life.

All Pandavas with one voice said the following words with foldled hands: "O father! As per your word, we spent 12 years in forests and one year unrecognised. We have decided that we are entitled to half share in the kingdom which was ruled by my father, King Pandu, during his lifetime. You are equivalent to my father, mother, relation, and you are our protector. If we have committed any wrong, kindly pardon us and direct us in a right path. There are none for us except you. Either ourselves or Kouravas might have committed wrongs but if you do not transgress virtue and dharma, truth will prevail. Where, in the presence of the virtuous members of an assembly, righteousness is sought to be overpowered by unrighteousness, and truth by the untruth, it is those members themselves that are to be blamed."

O King Dhritarashra! these are the words of Pandavas. Kindly give them proper reply. I told these words keeping in view, Dharma, morality and also the relationship between us. You also shed anger and hatredness and take a wise decision. What will be just and proper except giving their due share in the kingdom. What will be great dharma and wise decision except this. There is no othergo except giving their half share in the kingdom.

O virtuous people assembled here! kindly advise the King. O King Dhritarashtra! follow dharma. Divide the Kingdom. Give Pandavas the share which their father was entitled during his life time. Give Kouravas, the share which you are entitled. Let both of them live happily with their sons and grandsons.

You know that Yudhishthira always follows the righteous path. You also know what the behaviour of Yudhishtira towards you and your sons. While he was in Indraprastha, he brought name, fame and prestige to you. He conquered all the kings and extended the boundaries of your kingdom. While he was living happily in his kingdom, your sons invited him for dice game, grabbed his kingdom and wealth by deceitful means and insulted their wife in the open assembly. You have given your consent for all the above immoral acts. You sent them to forests and made them to suffer much hardship.
Inspite of all these sufferings, Yudhishtira is still seeking friendly relations with you. That is Yudhishtira. Who else in this universe has such a virtue, righteousness and regard to truth.

O King Dhritarashtra! keeping in view the welfare of your son, Suyodhana, I spoke these words. You elimite greediness from the mind of Suyodhana. Invite Pandavas who are peaceloving. They are ready to serve you. If you dont accept this, they are ready for war. They are ready for either of these courses. Choose a right path. I will wait for your wise decision. " said Sri Krishna.

All have heard the words of Krishna with great devotion but none dare to reply. Saint Jamadagni rose and said:

"Suyodhana! in the ancient past, there was a king called Dambodhbhava! He was very proud. At that time, Nara and Narayana were doing Tapassu on Gandhamadhana mountain. King Dambhodhbhava went against them to fight. The saints who were doing Tapassu there chastised him.He did not heed their words At that time, nara, holding Dharbhas in his hand, fought with Dambhodhbhava and defeated him. Dambhodhbhava lost his life. Nara is none other than Arjuna. Therefore, dont fight with Arjuna with unusual pride. Have a peaceful settlement with Pandavas" said Jamadagni.

Then Saint Kanva rose and said: "Suyodhana! You should never enter war with pride and arrogance, without knowing your strength and the strength of the opposite side. Listen this story how the pride and arrogance of Garuda was proved futile.

Matali was the charioteer of Devendra. His daughter was Gunakesi. She was a celestial beauty. He was insearch of a suitable bridegroom for his daughter. At last he fixed Sumukha son of Kuru, grand son of the serpant king, Aryaka, as the bridegroom. Matali approached Aryaka and proposed his daughter to Sumukha. With great distress Aryaka said:

"Matali! Garuda killed my son Kuru. He proclaimed with anger that he will also kill Sumukha within one month. Hence I cannot agree for your proposal." said Aryaka.
"You need not worry. I will approach Devendra and save the life of Sumukha." said Matali and took Aryaka and Sumukha to Devendra.

At that time, Devendra and Vishnu were sitting together. Matali represented the matter to Devendra and requested him to save the life of Sumukha. Accordingly, Devendra blessed Sumukha with long life. On hearing this, Garuda grew angry. In the presence of Vishnu, Garuda asked Devendra:

"You are the son of Aditi. I am the son of Vinata. Kashyapa is our common father. Let both of us kill all the demons. I am in no way inferior to you. Why you interfere in my affair and saved Sumukha." asked Garuda.

"Garudaa! It is not my decision. This is the decision of Vishnu" said Devendra.

"Brother Devendra! You do not know about me. The entire divine community is not even equivalent to my feather." said Garuda with great pride.

Vishnu looked at Garuda with smile "O Garuda! are you so strong and powerful. Show me your strength" so saying Vishnu just put his hand on the back of Garuda. For that weight, Garuda collapsed crying aloud. Vishnu removed his hand. Garuda relaxed.
"Garuda! your pride and egoism will not work out at all times. Be careful" said Vishnu.

Therefore, Suyodhana, pride and egoism is not at all appreciable. Narada knows all these things. Therefore, be friendly with Pandavas and be happy" said Saint Kanva.

Then Narada said thus: "Suyodhana! However high you may be, if the otherside is more powerful, your strength will always be less. However powerful you are, Dharma is greater than you. Before virtue, pride and egoism will have no legs to stand. Obstinacy ought to be avoided; for it is fraught with great evil. Galava is an example for obstinacy.
Galava was the student of Visvamitra. On completion of learning, Galava offered Gurudakshina to his preceptor, Visvamitra. Visvamitra said that he does not want anything as Gurudakshina. Gala was so obstinate. He insisted that Visvamitra should accept Gurudakshina. Visvaamitra grew angry. Visvamitra asked him to give eight hundred white horses, with one black ear. Galava went in search of such horses.

Inspite of his vigorous search, he could not find such horses. One day, he met his childhood friend, Garuda. Galava told him about his search. Garuda carried Galava on his back and took him to King Yayati. On hearing the desire of Galava, King Yayati said that he has no such horses but he offered his daugher, Madhavi, with the help of whom he may get such horses.

Galava, along with Madhavi and Garuda again went in search of such horses. They reached Ayodhya kingdom, ruled by King Ikshvaaku. King Ikshvaaku got 200 such horses, but the king was craving for children. Galava gave Madhavi to Ikshvaaku and in return he received 200 horses, with a condition that Madhavi will remain with Ikshvaaku till he begets a son through her, without losing her virginity. King Ikshvaaku begot a son named Vasumanassudu through Madhavi. He returned Madhavi to Galava.

Garuda left Galava advising him to acquire remaining horses in the same manner. Then Galava along with Madhavi went in search of remaining horses. Galava approached King Divodasa, King of Kasi. Galava gave Madhavi to Divodasa and got 200 more horses. Divodasa begot one son Pratyardhana, through Madhavi, without losing her virginity. Madhavi returned back to Galava.

Galava, along with Madhavi and four hundred horses went to Bhojapura. King Ousinara was ruling Bhojapura. Galava offered Madhavi to King Ousinara and got 200 more horses. Through Madhavi, Ousinara begot a son, Sibi, without losing her virginity.
Galava along with Madhavi went in search of the remaining 200 horses. In the meanwhile Garuda came down to Galava and said: "Galava! in this universe, there are only 600 white horses with one ear black. Therefore, give those 600 horses to your preceptor, Visvamitra and in lieu of the remaining 200 horses, offer Madhavi to himm as usual" said Garuda.

All of them went to Visvamitra. "O Saint Visvamitra! Galava is an infant. He does not know the consequences of his obstinacy. Kindly accept 600 horses and in lieu of the remaining 200 horses, kindly accept Madhavi. She is still virgin." said Garuda.

Accordingly, Visvamitra accepted 600 horses as well as Madhavi. Visvamitra begot a son, Ashtaka, through Madhavi and gave back Madhavi to Galava.

Therefore, Suyodhana, dont be so obstinate as Galava. Had he kept quiet wisely when Visvamitra refused to take Gurudakshina, he would have avoided all these troubles. Therefore obstinacy is always harmful and ought to be avoided; for it is fraught with great evil. Therefore, put an end to enmity with Pandavas and heed the words of Sri Krishna and save the Universe from war." said Narada.

But Suyodhana paid a deaf ear to all the advises of those Saints. "O Saints! Lord Brahma might have already decided my fate. All will happen according to my fate. That is all" said Suyodhana.

On hearing the words of his son Dhritarashtra said: "O Saints! I am helpless if he does not pay heed to your adivces. Krishna! You have said much useful both for earth and heaven. But I do not find any way to follow them. My son is quite obstinate. You are my relative. Kindly convince my son." prayed Dhritarashtram.

"Suyodhana! you were born in famous Bharata Race. A great King like you cannot behave like an ordinary arrogant person. Follow the adivse of your father and other elders. Be friendly with Pandavas. If you follow the adivse of inferior people, you will land in trouble. The adivse of Karna and Sakuni will always cause harm to you. You have abandoned your brothers, Bheema and Arjuna who are great warriors, and seeking the help of other useless kings.Pandavas never bear grudge or enmity against you. Why you are denying relationship with them? If you are united, all the other kings will be under your control and will serve you. Those who are fomenting ill feelings between you will never come to your rescue in case of war. None of these kings are not at all equivalent to the prowess of Bheemasena. If you are able to find a single person who is able to fight with Arjuna, you can certainly go for war. Why you unnecessarily become the cuase for total massacre.

You remember well that when you captured cows of Matsya kingdom, Arjuna alone, without the help of any army, could get back the cows. It is well known to all. Now, the position is different. I am the charioteer of Arjuna. He is equipped with seven akshouhini strong army.

Therefore give up the idea of war. You will unnecessarily be blamed for the destruction of Kuru race. Heed my words. Be friendly with Pandavas. While your father is ruling the entire universe, you will assist your Father, as Yuva Raja. All the Pandavas will be acting under the guidance of your father. While Pandavas are extending their friendly hand, you are denying the same, as if denying the arrival of Goddess Lakshmi. Think over it." said Sri Krishna.

"Suyodhana! Kindly hear the words of your father, peacefully. Sri Krishna has come all the way to Hastinapura to speak few words in our favour. It is not advisable to reject them. Why you intend to destroy the name and fame of Kuru Race during the lifetime of your father. Enmity with Krishna and Arjuna is destructive not only to you and your relatives but also to the entire universe." said Bheeshma.

"Suyodhana! We are all your well wishers. If you follow the words of Krishna, you will be endowed with great wealth and happiness. I cannot tell more than that" said Drona.
"O my son Suyodhana! kindly follow the words of elders and your preceptors. You go along with Krishna and meet your brother Yudhishtira. Everything will end well." finally said Dhritarashtra.

"Suyodhana! Even before Arjuna entering the war field, with Krishna as his charioteer, meet Yudhishtira and save the Kuru race. If you bow before Yudhishtira, he will hug you. Yourself and Bheema will hug each other. Arjuna and twins will bow before you. You respect each other. The entire kings on the earth will appreciate your move. Kuru race will flourish. Having beholding your unity, the kings who have come to fight on your behalf will return back to their respective places with abundant joy. Therefore, enjoy the kingdom and be happy." said Bheeshma and Drona in one voice.

Having heard all these words with great patience, Suyodhana rose and said: "Krishna! my grand father, Bhishma, my preceptor Drona and my father King Dhritarashtra, will always be scolding me all the time. You are also scolding me now, unjustly. What can I do.

Pandavas, without any reason, developed enmity with us on the pretext that we insulted Droupadi in open assembly and we sent them to forests. Now they are trying to kill us. Krishna! viewing from any angle, is there any fault of mine. Dharmaja is a gambler. He provoked Sakuni to play dice game. He played and lost the entire kingdom. He did not keep quiet Again he continued to bet and lost bet by bet. Whatever he did, he did willingly and out of his own volition. We never forced or instigated him to play dice game and lose his kingdom. Am I responsible for the faults or losses of his own? Now, he conspired with the Kings of Matsya and Panchala and ready to wage war against us. Have we, at any time, resorted to such kind of terrorism.

Krishna! As per the Kshatriya order, if any kshatriya dies in war, he will become a great hero. He will enjoy the heavenly pleasures. I never bow even before Indra, abandoning kshatriya order. While we were young, without knowing the legal implications, my father divided the kingdom and gave them half share. How can I keep quiet, now, if my father divides the kingdom, without considering our strength and prowess. I will never allow such division. Dividing the kingdom into two will never happen. I will never agree to part with any land even to the extent of the edge of a sharp needle. Who ever wins the war will rule the Kuru Kingdom. This is my final decision" said Suyodhana.

Krishna grew angry but controlled himself. "Suyodhana! It will certainly happen. Tomorrow itself the war will begin. Your fall is certain.

What! You are not at fault in all these affairs. Kindly tell when you were friendly with Pandavas without causing harm and hardship. Since their childhood, you have been bearing grudge and hatredness against them. You mixed poison in their food; got them bitten with deadly poisonous snakes; tied their hands and legs and threw them in deep waters; and tried to burn them in a lac house. You attempted several times to kill them. But their virtuous life, truth and dharma saved them. Not satisfied with all these heinous acts, you created a dice game and defeated Yudhishtira by deceitful means. Have you ever find any body in this Universe who played dice game with brothers and dragged their wife by holding her tuft, to the open assembly, except you. The words spoken to by you and Karna on that day are not worth-repeating, in this assembly. What had happened on that day, everybody knows. You alone can pretend innocence, even after committing all these atrocities.

Besides that, you are blaming Pandavas that they are provoking you for war. What kind of life you are leading? You will never pay heed to the adivices of your father, grand father and preceptor. Knowing fully well that you will never agree for amicable settlement, once again, as a peaceloving person, I am advising you to restore peace and be happy." said Krishna.

On hearing these words, Suyodhana grew angry. Dussaasana murmered in his ears: "Brother Suyodhana! This is not the way that our father, grandfather and preceptors shouldspeak. All these are forcing you to agree for settlement. You should not stay here any longer. Kindly leave this place" said Dussaasana. Then Suyodhana, without observing the norms, left the assembly. Along with Suyodhana, his brothers, Karna, Sakuni and his friends also left the assemby. All of them gathered outside and were conspiring with each other.

Observing this move, Bheeshma thought: "Why he left the assembly abruptly. Is he insane. Is he influenced by greediness, lust, passion and aggrandizement? All are conspiring together. What they will do is not known" Then Bheeshma came near Sri Krishna and said: "Krishna! Their time has come. Otherwise they will never do like this" said Bheeshma.

Then Sri Krishna addressed the courtiers: "Look at his behaviour filled with pride. In order to save the famous Kuru Race and also for the welfare of others, what is wrong even if we abandon him. While King Kamsa was also behaving like this, all my relatives requested me to save them. I killed that wicked Kamsa and installed Ugrasena on throne. It is better if you also do like this. If Suyodhana is not there, Kuru Race will flourish. We can find some solution for amicable settlement between Kouravas and Pandavas.

On hearing these words, King Dhritarashtra called Vidura: "Vidura! you please and bring Gandhari to this assembly. I hope Suyodhana will pay heed to her words" said Dhritarashtra.

Vidura went inside and brought Gandhari along with him and make her seated by the side of Dhritarashtra. "Gandhari! Your son, Suyodhana, with great pride, left the Kuru Assembly. Will there be such a wicked and cruel person on earth. Kindly convince him and save the Kuru Race" requested Dhritarashtra.

"O King! you know pretty well that your son is cruel and wicked and immoral character. Still why are you supporting his deeds. If you are wholeheartedly inclined to give half share in the Kingdom to Pandavas, who will object and so 'no' to your word. Vidura! ask Suyodhana to return to Assembly and resume his seat." said Gandhari.

Vidura conveyed the message to Suyodhana. Suyodhana alone reluctantly came back and resumed his seat. Others stayed outside the assembly. Gandhari tried to convince him by telling about Dharma, morality, relationship with Pandavas and also about their livelihood and also about their vigour and valour. Suyodhana paid a deaf ear and did not give any reply. She grew angry and cursed him. Suyodhana again left the assembly with anger and joined Karna and Sakuni.

"The intention of Sri Krishna is not appreciable. He influenced Bheeshma and Drona and is bringing pressure on me. It is quite evident from his words. He also quoted the killing of Kamsa. Unlelss we imprison Sri Krishna, Pandavas pride will not vanish. Then they will follow our path. Even otherwise, we can defeat them in war very easily because without krishna they are snakes without stings. Therefore, let us imprison Sri Krishna" decided Suyodhana.

Accordingly, Suyodhana, Dussaasana, Sakuni, Karna, and other kings who have come to fight on their behalf , tried to imprison Sri Krishna. Satyaki has been keenly observing all these developments. He immediately called Kritavarma "Be ready with our army for any eventuality. You wait outside the assembly. I will manage things here" said Satyaki.
Satyaki informed Sri Krishna about all these developments and the intention of Suyodhana to imprison him. Satyaki, with the permission of Sri Krishna, told Bheeshma and Drona: "Kouravas are trying to imprison Sri Krishna. It is nothing but tying fire in the upper cloth." said Satyaki.

On hearing these words, Vidura told Dhritarashtra: "O King! Your sons are trying to imprison Sri Krishna. They will be reduced to ashes." said Vidura.
Sri Krishna addressed the assembly: "With an evil intention in their minds, is it proper on the part of Kouravas to do like this. Kindly give me permission. I will teach them a lesson and then leave this assembly." said Sri Krishna.

Dhritarashtra again asked Vidura to bring Suyodhana. Suyodhana returned back and stood near his father "Suyodhana! what is all this ? Are you mad? Why are you trying to imprison Sri Krishna? What a wicked idea it is? Your annihilation is certain. I cannot help it" said Dhritarashtra in a disgusting mood.

Beholding Suyodhana, Krishna said: "Suyodhana! You are trying to imprison me thinking that I am alone and helpless. Do you want to know who am I? This is my original form.!" said Krishna.

Brahma from forehead, Viroopaaksha (Siva) from chest, Agni from face, Indra, Yama, Varuna, Kubera, Aditya,Marut, Visvedeva, Asvins visible from sides; Balarama, Arjuna appearing at his arms; Yudhishtira, Bheema, Nakula, Sahadeva, Yadu, Vrushni, Bhoja, Andhaka and others warriors emanating from the upper arms; Sankha, Chakra, Mace, knife, Saaranga and other weasons resuming their positions in various hands; and from his eyes and nose and ears and every part of his body, issuing fierce sparks of fire mixed with smoke; and from the pores of his body issued sparks of fire like the rays of the sun Krishna showed his awful, highly wonderful, and extremely varied and auspicious form. None were able to even stare at Sri Krishna.
And beholding that awful form of the high-souled Kesava, all the kings closed their eyes with affrighted hearts, except Drona, and Bhishma, and Vidura, endued with great intelligence, greatly blessed Sanjaya, and the Rishis, possessed of wealth of asceticism, for the divine Janardana gave them this divine sight on the occasion.
All the divine souls, Siddhas, Sadhyas and Vidyadharas from heaven praised Sri Krishna. On hearing these divine sounds, Dhritarashtra thought that it might be the auspicious form of Lord Vishnu.
"Vasudeva! Kindly bless me to see your Visvaroopa"prayed Dhrutarashtra. Krishna gave him also the divine sight. . Dhritarashtra stared at Sri Krishna "O Krishna! With the sight with which I have seen your extremely varied and auspicious form, I cannot again look at this ordinary world. Kindly resume my blindness." requested Dhritarashtra. Krishna accepted his request. Then Sri Krishna withdrew that divine and highly wonderful, and extremely varied and auspicious form.
Followed by Satyaki and Kritavarma, Sri Krishna left the Kuru Assembly." said Vaisampayana to Janamejaya, the story of Mahabharata
Saint Vaisampaayana continued to tell Janamejaya, the story of Mahabharata.
After taking leave from all the elders in the Kuru Assembly, Sri Krishna came out of the assembly building. All the elders in the Kuru assembly accompanied him to give send off. At the main gate Daruka was waiting with the chariot. Sri Krishna took leave from all the elders with folded hands and requested them to remain there.
Dhrutarashtra told Sri Krishna "Krishna! You have, , indeed, witnessed all with your own eyes. Nothing now is unknown to you. Seeing my endeavour to bring about peace between the Kurus, and the Pandavas, in fact, knowing the state in which I am, you should not entertain any suspicion regarding me. I have no sinful feelings towards the Pandavas. You know what words have been spoken by me to Suyodhana. The Kauravas and all the kings of the Earth, also know, that I have made every endeavour to bring about peace." said Dhrutarashtra.
Then Sri Krishna told Baahlika, Bheeshma, Drona, Krupa and other elders "'You have yourselves witnessed all that has happened in the assembly of the Kurus, how wicked Duryodhana, like an uneducated wretch, left the court from anger, and how king Dhritarashtra also described himself to be powerless. With the permission of you all, I shall now go back to Yudhishthira and tell him what had happened." said Sri Krishna.
Then he mounted the chariot. Some of the elders also followed his chariot. All of them went to the apartment of Kunti. Krishna told her what had happened in the Kuru assembly and asked her to convey her message, if any, to Pandavas. Then Kunti said thus:
"Kshatriyas should trust their vigour and valour and other ways of living are prohibited for Kshatriyas. Foolish people live as they like in some way or other. Pandavas tried for reconciliation but in vain. Kshatriyas have to live with the prowess of their arms. If Arjuna will not show his vigour and valour in the battle, he will be belittled. How Bhima has accepted for this mediation proposal. Krishna! Pandavas might have follishly thought about mediation. How you have come here at their instance? By God's grace it failed. Krishna! Did Pandavas forget the insult meted out by Droupadi in the Kuru assembly? According to the prevailing Dharma, they might have gone to forests at that time. But now what had happened to them? Are they not free now? If Kouravas refuse to give their due share in the kingdom, Is it not their duty to fight for their due share? Is it not their duty to chastise Kouravas while they are acting against Dharma. Krishna! tell Pandavas in my own words. I am happy here. Let them live as heroes but not as cowards." said Kunti.
Then Krishna requested all the elders who followed him upto the apartment of Kunti to stop. He requested Karna to give him send off upto the outskirts of the city and stretched his hand towards Karna. Karna holding the hand of Krishna boarded his chariot. Karna's chariot followed the chariot of Krishna. Krishna's chariot left Hastinapura.
Then Dhrutarashtra returned back to his assembly and discussed the events that had happened. Bheeshma said:
"O King! have you heard what Kunti said. We are very much astonished on hearing those words. Krishna also supported her. We do not know what will happen!" said Bheeshma. Then Bheeshma and Drona addressed Suyodhana:
"Suyodhana! It is not too late. Immediately proceed to Upaplaavyam and meet your eldler brother Dharmaja. Or meet Sri Krishna on the way and settle the matter amicably. You know we are at the threshold of our last days. At this late age, why you are forcing us to enter war field. We told what all we can tell. Then it is your will and pleasure. We are leaving." So saying Bhishma and Drona left the assembly. Dhrutarashtra also retired to his apartment.
Sri Krishna along with Karna left Hastina pura and travelled for a distance. At a place where there were none, Krishna stopped his chariot and alighted the chariot along with Karna.
"Karna! I know you respect elders. Kindly listen to me carefully. While Kunti was virgin, you were born to her through Sun God, by chanting the Mantra initiated by Saint Doorvasa. Hence you are the son of Kunti and eldest of Pandavas. If Dharmaja knows about this, he will prostrate before you. He will enthrone you. You wil become the King and Emperor of the entire Kuru kingdom. While you are coming on a chariot, Yudhishtira will stand by your side with a vinjaamaram (fan like object). Bheema will hold the umbrella. Arjuna will be your charioteer. Kings of Panchala, Yadava and other kingdoms will accompany you. Abhimanyu and others will be by your side. . You will enjoy royal pleasures like Mahendra and rule the entire Universe. There is one more gift for you. Along with her five husbands, Droupadi will accept you as her sixth husband. It is true" said Krishna secretely only for the ears of Karna.
(In this context it is pertinent to note what has been written in the original texts. Because, everybody will doubt how Sri Krishna, a man of such an eminent stature, will speak in such a manner about Droupadi.
In Sanskrit text written by Vyasa it was written thus:
"shashTE chatvaam tathaa kaalE droupadyupagamishyati".
In Telugu Maha Bharata written by Tikkana it was written thus:
'Paancaala raaja putriyu samchitamuga
ninnu pondu naarava varusan"
Here, there are two words, "pondu", "varasa".
The meanings of these words are flexible.
There is a famous play in Telugu "Paandavodyogamu" written by Tirupati Venkata kavulu. It was enacted, by eminent artistes, in Andhra Pradesh and many parts of the country and world at large, thousands of times.
In that play, it was written like this.
"ninna sati penDli yaaDu naarava bhartaga soorya nandanaa"
the words "pendli" (marriage), and "bharta" (husband) are heard only in this play and no where else.
Therefore, in my view, it may not be the intention of Sri Krishna that Droupadi will marry Karna as her sixth husband. What he meant might be that Droupadi will be in the marriageable order (Devar). If we take the meaning of the above words like this, it will not affect the high stature of Sri Krishna.).
On hearing the words of Sri Krishna patiently, Karna replied thus: "Krishna! I also heard about my birth secret long back. Kunti delivered me while she was virgin and left me in the river mercilessly. One soota brought me up and gave me life along with his sons, equivalently. His wife also showered her love and affection upon me by giving her breast as if I was her own son. As all the rituals, to be performed in Soota community, were performed by Soota and his wife. I also married a Soota girl as my wife. You have just now told that I will always respect elders and act according to Dharma. Therefore, I am bound to discharge my duties as a dutiful son to my Soota father and mother. Forgetting all these things, If I proclaim now, suddenly, that i am a Kshatriya and approach Pandavas, will it be called Dharma and justice? Tell me. I got number of relations, brothers, friends in Soota community. How can I leave them suddenly. Besides all these things, Suyodhana, without considering me as Soota, honoured my vigour and valour, and enthroned me as a King for Anga Kingdom and he is more affectionate towards me than all his 99 brothers. When we are at the threshold of war, how I can leave him mercilessly? Will it be proper on my part? Moreover, Suyodhana is more confident that I am more powerful than Arjuna. How can I betray him? If I join Pandavas and do not fight with Arjuna, the entire world will laugh at me and Arjuna. Does it not amount to insult to Arjuna?
Krishna! you told me what you meant. Kindly keep it in your heart and dont reveal these facts to outside world. If Yudhishtira knows that I am his elder brother, he will refuse to be the King of Kuru Dynasty. In my view, Dharmaja is the proper person to rule the entire earth. Dharmaja is performing Dharma Yajna. All the four brothers are Ritviks.You are their chief. Pandavas will kill Kouravas and burn them in the Sacred fire. We all will be killed in that Dharma Yajna to be performed in kuruskhetra which is a Dharma Kshetra and we will attain higher paths." said Karna.
"Karna! you are not paying heed to my words. You bear grudge and jealousy on Arjuna. Either you will be defeated or killed at the hands of Arjuna. You will never win Arjuna. Pandavas will triumph. You go back to Hastinapura and tell Bheeshma and others to fix a date for war." said Krishna.
"Krishna! what you predict is correct. Hence I refuse to join Pandavas. Along with me, Sakuni and Dussaasana are the root cause for this war. If they also join Pandavas, I will certainly join. As that is not possible, this is also impossible. If I win the war, I will see you back. Otherwise, I will meet you in heaven. Permit me to leave." said Karna and left that place on his chariot. Krishna also left Hastina for Upaplaavyam.
At that time, Vidura went to the apartment of Kunti. "Kunti! War is imminent to destroy the entire Kuru Dynasti. Nobody cared for the words of Krishna. Nobody tried to stop war. We do not know what will happen" said Vidura. Kunti kept quiet. Vidura went back to his apartment.
But Kunti was with a wavering mind. "Is it Dharma to kill ones own kith and kin for the sake of kingdom and royal pleasures? Waging war is nothing but acquiring sorrow. How can it be a pleasure and free from troubles. Karna will always be burning with jealous and anger. If I approach Karna and tell him his birth secret and sow seeds of love and affection in his mind towards Pandavas, what will happen. Will Karna give up war? Any how I should meet Karna." thought Kunti.
Kunti went to Karna while Karna was performing morning rituals on the banks of river Ganges. Karna saw Kunti sitting there at a distance. Karna went near her, told his name and Gotra and introduced himself to Kunti.
"May I know the purpose for which you have come here" asked Karna.
"Karna! you are the son of a Soota. You were not born in Soota community. Prior to my marriage, while I was staying in the house of Kunti Bhoja, God Surya appeared before me and blessed me with a male child. You were born to me. As per the existing Dharma, you are also the son of King Pandu and you are Kshatriya. You need not serve others like Soota. You are the eldest of all. You are the king and emperor of this Kuru Dynasty. Rule the entire universe. You need not remain as Radheya any more." said Kunti.
At that time, an invisible voice came from Lord Surya echoing "It is true."
On hearing all this, Karna said:
"What you said is true. I believe it. Kindly listen to my words also. Since my birth, on account of you, I was denied with all the Kshatriya rituals. Now is it proper for you to say that I am Kshatriya and I am your son. I was born to you through Sun god. But that fact was kept in darkness. How can I bring it to light now? While Arjuna was getting name and fame as a great warrior, if I join them now, people will think that I joined Pandavas having afraid of Arjuna. King Suyodhana enthroned me as King of Anga kingdom. Now, how can I leave him while the war is imminent. I am living at the mercy of Suyodhana. I cannot betray him. If I do so, the entire Kshatriya community will curse me. Therefore, I will fight with Pandavas for the sake of Suyodhana. But one thing is certain. I will never kill Dharmaja, Bheema, Nakula and Sahadeva and I will never leave Arjuna without killing him. Even if I am killed, you will have five sons. Even otherwise, you will have five sons, including me. You will never have six sons." said Karna.
"Karna! Nobody will decide the fate. I will agree for your proposal. You can kill Arjuna but leave the rest." said Kunti and left that place.
Sri Krishna arrived at Upaplaavyam. Yudhishtira and others received Sri Krishna at the outskirts and brought him to their palace. Sri Krishna told Yudhishtira "Suyodhana and others are deaf and blind. They did not heed my words. War is certain. I will narrate in detail what had happened in Kuru assembly, later" so saying Krishna went to his apartment.
On that night, Sri Krishna went to Dharmaja. "Dharmaja! I addressed Dhrutarashtra in a very friendly manner. But Suyodhana paid a deaf ear and heckled me. I need not repeat them as it is of no use. Dhrutarashtra tried his level best to convince his son Suyodhana but in vain. I also addressed the Kuru assembly about King Santana, birth of Dhrutarashtra, expansion of Kuru Kingdom by your father, King Pandu, yours' performing of Rajasooya Yaga, playing of wicked dice game and your exile to forests and your woes in the forests, all in detail. I also said that if your due share in the kingdom is not given, there will be total disaster of Kuru Vamsa. Other elders, sages and saints assembled there, also pleaded for an amicable settlement. Suyodhana left the assembly along with his followers. Dhrutarashtra called for Gandhari. Gandhari also chastised Suyodhana. But Suyodhana never heed her words. I also spoke some harsh words in anger but later remained peaceful. Suyodhana tried to manhandle me. I exhibited some miracles. Yudhishtira, I tried my level best for a peaceful settlement. But all my efforts are of no use. Now the war is certain. You can do as you like" said Sri Krishna.
"You all have heard what Krishna said. Make preparations for war." said Yudhishtira to his brothers.
"Krishna! you know much better than us. Please decide the future course of action. We all abide by your decision" said Dharmaja.
"Yudhishtira! It is not only my word, but the word of your mother Kunti also. She also told me to convey that the immediate task before you is war." said Krishna.
"Not only Sri Krishna but our mother also decided to wage war. Now we need not discuss about Dharma and Adharma. With the words of our mother, Kunti, all our doubts are dispelled. Let us proceed with war" said Arjuna.
"Krishna! we are having seven akshouhini army. Who will head that army, we have to find out. An eminent personality, who is equivalent to Bhishma, should be our Chief of Army. Find out such a personality" said Dharmaja.
Beholding his brothers and Sri Krishna, Dharmaja said: "We got seven akshouhini strong army.We have to find out a warrior who can command our mighty army. We have to find out a valiant personality who can attack Bhishma in the war. Such person must be our CommanDer-in-Chief. Tell me who is that valiant warrior." asked Dharmaja.
"Brother Dharmaja! The Matsya King, Virata, is a great warrior with great strength. He is followed by his brothers, sons and grand sons who are also great warriors. If he is our Commander-in-Chief, victory is ours" said Sahadeva.
"Brother Dharmaja! King Drupada, king of panchala, got high vigour and valour, name and fame and good strength. We can have him as our Commander-in-Chief." said Nakula.
"In my view, Dhrushtadhumna, son of King Drupada, will be our Commander-in-chief. He was born with bow and arrows from the sacred fire, only with the object of killing Drona. He is a valiant warrior. None else can attack Bhishma in the war front. Besides that, his brother, Sikhandi, was also born to kill Bhishma. Viewing from any angle, Dhrushtadyumna will be the best choice tobe our Commander-in-Chief." said Arjuna.
Then, Dharmaja addressed Krishna: "OKrishna! you know everything. We are waiting for your opinion. You also select warriors who can command each Akshouhini." prayed Dharmaja.
"O Dharmaja! As spoken to by Arjuna, Dhrushtadyumna will be our Commander-in-Chief for our Seven Ashouhini strong army. Instal him in that position in a formal ceremony.
I will tell the names of the warriors who will be in charge of each Akshouhini. (1) Pancala King, Drupada, (2) Matsya King, Virata, (3) Yadava King Satyaki (4) Sahadeva son of Jarasandha (5) Yadava King, Cekitana, (6) Dhrushta Ketu son of Sisupala (7) Sikhandi, son of King of Drupada, will be incharge of each Ashouhini army. Instal them as Commanders of each Akshouhini in a formal ceremony. Now you can formally declare war." said Sri Krishna.
Accordingly, Dharmaja proclaimed in open assembly "We declare war against Kouravas. We are at War" said Dharmaja.
Dharmaja formally installed Dhrushtadyumna as Commander-in-Chief and also installed Seven warriors as named by Sri Krishna, as Commanders of each Akshouhini.

(One Akshouhini means, 21,870 chariots,
equal number of elephants,
65,610 cavalry, 1,09,350 soldiers).
Pandavas have gone to Droupati and took leave from her for war. They worshipped Brahmins and got their blessings. Krishna occupied the seat of charioteer of Arjuna. Arjuna with his Gandeeva boarded the chariot. The flag with Hanuman emblem (Kapidhwaja) was flying on his chariot. Krishna and Arjuna blew their respective conches, Panchajanya and Devadatta. The entire army proceeded to Kurukshetra as if they were proceeding for a marriage function.
Dhrushtadyumna was proceeding in the forefront, followed by Dharmaja, his brothers, the Kings and their army. The entire army reached Kurukshetra. On the banks of River Hiranvati, at a plain place, they erected tents and the entire army stayed there, awaiting war.
Having come to know that Pandavas are staying at Kurukshetra, Suyodhana, pretending innocence, addressed the Kuru assembly thus:
"Krishna is bearing grudge upon us becsause we did not heed his words. He may provoke Pandavas to fight against us. Pandavas will certainly wage war. War is imminent. Therefore, let us also declare war against Pandavas and proceed to Kurukshetra. Dussaasana! Yourself, Karna and Sakuni should make arrangements for war." ordered Suyodhana. As per the orders of Suyodhana, Dussasana declared war against Pandavas.
Next day, in the open assembly, Suyodhana proclaimed the names of the Commanders of his Eleven Akshouhini Army. They are Drona, Karna, Asvathaama, Bahlika, Salya, Kupaacharya, Bhoorisrava, Sakuni, King Kambhoja, and Saindhava.
Accompanied by the Eleven Commanders, Suyodhana went to Bhishma and said:
"O My beloved Grand Father, these are the commanders of our Eleven Akshouhini Army. They belong to different kingdoms with different temperments. Now the burden is upon your shoulders to command them in the war. Hence I request you to be the Commander-in-Chief of our entire Army" requested Suyodhana
"Suyodhana! Kouravas and Pandavas are equal to me. Because I am staying with you, I will certainly fight for you. I am accepting your request and I will command the entire army. Only Arjuna can attack me in the war and none else. I will kill all our enemies except Pandavas because they are my grandsons. I think they also will not fight against me.
But you have to decide one thing. Whether I have to fight first or will Karna fight first . Unless that matter is settled, I wont accept this responsibility." said Bhishma.
"Suyodhana! It need not again be discussed here. I already told you that whenever Bhishma falls down in war, I will enter the war. Even now I will stand by my word." said Karna.
"Suyodhana! It will certainly happen. I am accepting your request" said Bhishma.
With the permission of Drona, Krupa and other eldlers, Suyodhana installed Bhishma as Commander-in-Chief of the entire eleven akshouhini kuru army. Suyodhana introduced all the Commanders of each Akshouhini to Bhishma. After taking permission from his father and mother, Suyodhana along with his entire army proceeded to Kurukshetra and stayed there.
In this manner, both Pandavas and Kouravas arrived at Kurukshetra and stayed there waiting for war.
On hearing the news of war, Balarama, elder brother of Sri Krishna felt unhappy. He immediately proceeded to Dharmaja. Dharmaja, his brothers, Sri Krishna received Balarama with due honors.
"Dharmaja! I heard that Kouravas and Pandavas have decided to fight with each other and cause hardship to all the kings on this earth. Is it proper on your part? I do not like war. I told Sri Krishna to convince both of you and settle the matter amicably. But he failed to do so. Instead, he proked both of you to wage war. Suyodhana is an idiot. He does not know how to talk. While dealing with such persons, Krishna would have used some tact. But Sri Krishna made a mess of the entire issue by speaking with Suyodhana in an angry mood. Both Pandavas and Kouravas are equally related to Sri Krishna. But he likes Arjuna more than all. That is why he made all of you to dance to his tunes. Whatever it may be, you will win the war. It is certain. I was the teacher for both Suyodhana and Bhimasena, in the art of fighting with mace. Now they are going to fight with each other. How can I tolerate this! Hence I am proceeding to the banks of River Sarasvati to spend the rest of my life in meditation of God." said Balarama and proceeded to river Sarasvati. Krishna and Dharmaja gave him warm sendoff.
Krishna married Rukmini the sister of Rukmi. He was the King of Kundina City. Rukmi came down to Dharmaja and told Arjuna. "Arjuna! if you are afraid of war, tell me. I will jump into action. None can beat me in war on the face of earth." Rukmi boasted himself.
Arjuna smiled at him and said: "While I was fighting with Gandharvas and releasing Suyodhana, and also while I was fighting with Kouravas and recaptured our cows, where were you. We dont want your help. You can help those who are in need of your help. For the present, Krishna is by my side. I am not afraid of war. You would have come only on invitation, when I am afraid of war. Even if I am afraid of war, there are many to help me. We do not want your help." said Arjuna bluntly.
Unale to do anything, King Rukmi approached Suyodhana and repeated the same words. Suyodhana also refused to receive his help. Having been refused by both sides, Rukmi returned back to Kundina.
In this manner, except Balarama, brother of Krishna and Rukmi, brother- in- law of Krishna, all other kings on earth participated in War.
One day, Dhrutarashtra called Sanjaya to his apartment. "Sanjaya! what is destined to happen, that will happen. Nothing is in our hands. It is better for Kshatriya to die in war. You told me that both Pandavas and Kouravas are staying at Kurukshetra and waiting for war. Now what are the further developments in Kurushetra. Please tell me." asked Dhrutarashtra.
Sanjaya spoke thus: "O King! Your son, Suyodhana and his followers, Dussasana, Karna and Sakuni conspired together and called Ulooka, son of Sakuni and sent him as an emissary to Dharmaja. While Dharmaja was sitting in the assembly, Ulooked arrived there and said thus:
"Dharmaja! Suyodhana told me a few words of his own and asked me repeat them as it is. If you do not get angry, I will tell those words" said Ulooka. "Ulookaa! you are at liberty to speak as you like You are safe at my hands." said Dharmaja.
Ulooka said thus: These are the words of Suyodhana. "Dharmaja! You spoke too much with Sanjaya. Taking advantage of the insult meted out by Droupadi and loss of your kingdom in dice game, you gathered some of your friends and relatives and waged war against me. Now you cannot escape. You will taste the sharpness of the arrows of Bheeshma and Drona. Your Arjuna will never survive in the fight with Bheeshma. You are thinking that Krishna is on your side and He will save you. It seems Bheema boasted that he will break the chest of Dussaasana and taste his blood. Let him come. Why late. Bheemasena! you are like a frog in a well. You do not know the prowess of others. You cannot escape without receiving our blows. Hey Arjuna! we know that you are having a bow like a palm tree and Krishna by your side. We are never afraid of you. We will never part with any part of our kngdom, having afraid of your bow and Krishna. Let it be. Where were your Gandeeva and Mace while Dussaasana was dragging Droupadi, holding her tuft, to the open assembly. Have you forgotten those insults. Dont boast yourself. Having spent shameless days in the Court of Virata as a cook and impotent, are you still in need of kingdom. Is it your prowess or yout strengh. Tell me. Your Krishna might have done many magics and gimmics and you might have boasted yourself, I do not care. Even if fifty thousand Bhimas and Arjunas fight in the war, we will attack you. We never part with our kingdom. You better know this fact." said Ulooka as the words of Suyodhana.
On hearing these words, Bheema, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva were burning with anger. Krishna stopped them and said:
"Ulookaa! We have heard all the words of Suyodhana conveyed by you. You also go back to Suyodhana and convey my words, as it is, to Suyodhana, to the hearing of all elders in the assembly"
"Suyodhana! Tomorrow is the war. If you are a warrior, come and die in the war. The chariot of Arjuna, driven by me, will follow you whereever you go. You cannot escape us. In your very presence, Bheemasena will break the chest of Dussasana and swallow his blood. You are boasting as if you got many warriors on your side. You entered the war, with their help. We will see their prowess tomorrow. Unnecessarily, you made, Bheeshma, eldest of all, to fight, at this old age. Your intention is to kill him in the war. Will you win the war simply because Bheeshma is on your side? Suyodhana! you want to save your self behind Bheeshma. But the first prey of Arjuna is Bheeshma. Next Drona, and then Karna will be the targets of Arjuna. Then only the greediness of Suyodhana will come to an end.
Will Suyodhana, atleast, repent about his misdeeds, when he beholds the death of his brothers, sons and relatives in the war, or atleast when he himself rolls on the earth with the blows of the mace of Bheema on his lap. Therefore, proceed immediately and ask Suyodhana to be ready for war." said Krishna.
Ulooka left that place, went to Suyodhana and conveyed what has been told by Krishna. Next day, both sides declared war." said Sanjaya to Dhrutarashtra.
"Sanjaya! tell me whether Bheeshma can overpower Arjuna. What was the reaction of the elders in the Kuru assembly, on hearing the words of Ulooka. Tell me" asked Dhrutarashra.
Sanjaya told Dhrutarashtra thus:
"On hearing the words of Ulooka, Bheeshma told Suyodhana: "Suyodhana! dont fear. I am here. I was never afraid of Gandharvas, Kinneras, or for that matter, Danavas. After all, Pandavas are nothing before me. I will command the entire army. Victory is yours." said Bheeshma.
"O Grand Father! when yourself and our Guru, Drona, are on our side, why should I fear. Kindly, categorise the warriors on our side." asked Suyodhana.
Then Bheeshma said thus: "Suyodhana, you are Athi Radha. All your brothers are Sama Radhas. You know about me. I need not tell. Kritavarma, Salya, Bhoorishrava are Athi Radhas. Saindhava is Maha Radha. Sudakshina, King of Kambhoja is Sama Radha. Neela, king of Mahashmati, is Ardha Radha. Vinda and Anuvinda, kings of Avanthi are Ardha Radhas.The five kings of Trigartha, are Maha Radhas. Your son Lakshmana is Samaradha. Brihadbala is Sama Radha. King Dandadhara is Artha Ratha. Your Gurus, Drona Acharya and Kripacharya, both are best of Maha Radhas. Sakuni is Sama Radha. Asvathaama is Ati Radha, He is equivalent to Arjuna. We cannot say he is Brahmin. King Bahlika and his son Somadatta are Athi Radhas. Alambas is Sama Radha. King Bhaga Datta is Sama Radha. Vriksha, king of Gandhara and Achala are Sama Radhas. Karna is Ardha Radha. I will give reasons. He lost his Kavacha and Kundala which were attached to his body while he was born. Half of his strength was lost. Though he learnt archery skills from veteran Parasurama, he is suffering with a curse from the said Prasurama. His entire power and strength were smashed by that curse. He will never remember any Astra learnt by him, whenever it is necessary. Therefore, he cannot face Arjuna in war." said Bheeshma.
"What Bheeshma said is correct. I observed Karna many times. He will be first to flee away from war field. He is always absent minded. Therefore, he is Ardha Radha" supported Drona.
On hearing the words of Bheeshma and Drona, Karna grew angry. His face became red.
"Being elders, you cannot speak like this, sprinkling hatredness upon me. What would you gain by belittling me. Gangeya! you spoke much ill about me even in the Kuru Assembly. Because of Suyodhana, I am tolerating all these things. Now I will tell. In my considered view, you are Ardha Radha" said Karna.
"Suyodhana, Duddaasana, Sakuni! Listen! can we trust him as our well-wisher. Is it the way to tackle the situation. Not only me, he is belittling all the Kings gathered here. Suyodhana! even in your presence, he is speaking like this. I cannot control myself. After all, he is nothing before me in prowess. Even if we leave him, nothing will happen. He is oldand rotten.. He got partisan attitude towards Pandavas. He cannot fight with Pandavas wholeheartedly. It is better to quit him immediately. Atleast, the other kings will fight peacefully. Suyodhana! He may be your grand father. You may respect him as an elderly person. But dont respect his words. They are dangerous. Suyodhana! if he is our Commander-in-chief, how can other kings fight under his leadership. Suyodhana! again I am reiterating. As long as he is holding his bow, I will never enter war field" said Karna firmly.
"Karna! What do you mean! Am I old and rotten. About my archery skills and prowess, better you enquire your Guru, Parasurama. Everybody knows what had happened to a person who attacked me in war. Arjuna will decide about my old age and your youthfulness. O Son of Sutha, because of you, I told something about myself. Now I will tell. Because of your wickedness and adamant attitude, Suyodhana landed in such deep troubles, leading to this mass massacre. Our strength is not sufficient to set right these evil events. If you are a real hero, come on, jump into the war and exhibit your prowess and strength. For the present, you may escape war, on the pretext of my presence in war, but even after my fall at the hands of Arjuna, you cannot escape. Then Suyodhana will certainly know about your vigour and valour. Suyodhana trusted me and made me Commander-in-Chief. Hence I tolerated your words so far. Better shut up and get out" said Bheeshma.
"O my Grand Father! At this critical time, can you get angry upon Karna. Kindly pardon him for my sake" said Duyodhana.
"Karna! Now, It is the time for you and Bheeshma to work together shoulder the responsibility together but not to quarrel with each other. Plese control yourself" Suyodhana pacified Karna.
"O my dear Grand Father Bheeshma! kindly tell me about the great warriors on the side of Pandavas" asked Suyodhana.
"Suyodhana! If I praise the prowess of the warriors on the side of Pandavas, Karna may feel bad. I do not know how you feel. Why should I be blamed? It is better not to talk about it." said Bheeshma.
But Suyodhana repeatedly asked Bheeshma about this. Unable to refuse his request, Bheeshma said thus:
"Suyodhana! Dharmaja is Athi Radha. Bheema is best of all Athi Radhas. Nakula and Sahadeva are Sama Radhas. I cannot say about Arjuna. There are none on this earth to match him. Now Krishna is helping him. Arjuna himself can defend his army and also vanish our enire army.
The five sons of Droupadi are Maha Radhas. Uttara is equivalent to them. Abhimanya is the best of all Athi Radhas. He is equivalent to Arjuna. Satyaki is Athi Radha. Drupada, Virata are Maha Radhas. Sikhandi is Maha Radha. His brother, Drushtadyumna is Athi Radha. Dhruta Varma, son of Drushta Dyumna is Ardha Radha. Uttamouja, Yudhaamanyu, Kshatradeva, Jayanta, Amitouja, Virata, Satyajit are Maha Radhas. The five brothers of Kekaya Kingdom are Maha Radhas. Kaaseesa, Neela, Sooryadattaa, Madiraaksha, Sankha, are Maharadhas. Citraayudha, CEkitaanaa, Chandra datta, Vyaaghradattaa, are Maha Radhas, Sena Bindu, Pandya king are Athi Radhas. Kaasya is Samaradha. Kuntibhoja is Athi radha. Ghatotkacha, son of Bheema is Athi Radha. However powerful they may be, I will kill all of them except Sikhandi." said Bheeshma.
Suyodhana wondered. "O Grand father! what is the reason for not killing Sikhandi. Is he so powerful?" asked Suyodhana.
"Suyodhana! there is a strong reason for not killing Sikhandi. I will tell you" Bheeshma continued to say:
"You know that for the sake of my father, I renounced my right over the kingdom and also took a vow to remain unmarried throughout my life. After the death of my father, Santana, I installed Chitrangada, my younger brother, on the throne as the King of Kuru Dynasty. Chitrangada was very harsh and cruel. He picked up quarrels with each and every one. Once he fought with a Gandharva King and died.
Then his brother, Vicitra Veerya succeeded to the throne. I made preparations for his marriage. The King of Kasi got three beautiful daughters. He announced "Svayamvara" to all his three daughters. By that time, I do not know that the eldest daughter, Amba, fell in love with King Salva. Even her father also did not know about her love affair. As usual, I went to Svayamvara, picked up all the three girls, Amba, Ambika and Ambaalika by force, and kept them on my chariot, and proceeded to Hastinapura, by overpowering King of Kasi and other Kings assembled there for Svayamvara.
I requested King Vichitra Veerya to marry these three girls. At that time, Amba, the eldest of all, revealed: "O King Bheehsma! I already fell in love with King Salva. He also loved me. You are a virtuous man. I cannot marry a person whom I do not like. Kindly send me to King Salva." requested Amba.
I realised my mistake and immediately sent Amba to Salva, with due honours, accompanied by some elders. But King Salva refused to marry Amba, on the pretext that she was kidnapped by me and stayed with me for some days and hence she might have lost her virginity.
"King Salva! Bheeshma did not abduct me with any evil intention. He took me on his chariot to Hastina only with the honest intention of getting me married to his brother. When I revealed about us, he immediately sent me here. How can you blame me? Besides that, my father did not know about our love affair. Had he known it, he would not have announced Svayamvara to me also. Hence all this had happened. I am not at fault. Bheeshma also performed the marriage of Ambika and Ambalika with his brother Vicitra Veerya and sent me here. What is wrong in this?" requested Amba.
Inspite of her repeated requests and weepings, King Salva did not accept her. King Salva drove her away forcibly. Amba grew angry. She decided to take revenge upon me.
She went to the forest and found some sages and saints and told them her pitying story.
"Amba! This is an affair related to powerful kings. How can we solve it. You are an young girl. You better go back to your father" told those saints.
"No. I cannot go back either to my father or to any relative. I will do penance here only" said Amba.
At that time, Hotravaasa, a Rajarshi arrived there and heard about Amba. He enquired the saints about her. The saints informed Hotravaasa what had happened.
"Amba! I am your grand father by distant relation. You are my grand child. Dont worry. I will help you. Parasurama is the Guru of Bheeshma. You better go to Parasurama and seek his refuge. He will certainly help you." said Hotravaasa.
In the meanwhile, one Akrutavarna, Sishya of Parasurama arrived there. Hotravaasa enquired Akrutavarna about the whereabouts of Parasurama. Akrutavarna told them Parasurama will be arriving there next day. All were happy. Next day, Parasurama arrived there. All the sages and saints including Hotravaasa received Parasurama with arghyam and padyam. Hotravaasa told Parasurama the story of Amba.
"Ambaa! don't worry. I will put an end to all your sorrows. Two people insulted you. One is Salva. Second is Bheeshma. Whom I have to punish? Tell me." asked Parasurama.
"O Great Saint! Salva will never receive me as his wife. There is no use in punishing him. The root cause for all this calamity is Bheeshma. In fact I have come here to do penance and kill Bheeshma. I am before you." said Amba.
Then Parasurama along with Amba came down to the banks of River Sarasvati and sent information to me about his arrival. I received my Guru Parasurama at his place of stay and offered him arghyam and paadyam and comfortable seat.
"Gangeya! Why you brought this girl by force from her parents. Having brought her, why you refused her. You immediately perform her marriage with your brother. You should not leave her as an orphan." said Parasurama.
"O Guru Parasurama! kindly listen to my words. It is true I brought her from her parents by force. When she informed me that she was in love with Salva, immediately I sent her back to Salva. Now, how can I perform her marriage with my brother." I politely asked my guru.
But he grew angry. "If you do not receive her and perform her marriage, I will kill you and your family members and relatives." said Parasurama.
I tried to pacify him in many ways. But he did not heed my words.
"O Guru! You are my teacher. I learnt archery skills from you. It is not good on your part to be angry against me unnecessarily. You are forcing me to act against Dharma and virtues. Amba fell in love with Salva. How can my brother marry a girl who fell in love with another.. I prefer to face your wrath instead of doing Adharma.
One more word. It was said by elders that if anybody acts with anger, egoism and against prevailing Dharma, he should be punished, even if he is a Guru." I told my guru politely.
The anger of Parasurama knew no bounds. "Gangeya! be ready for war with your guru" roared Parasurama.
"While you were destorying the entire Kahstriya community in past, Bheeshma was not there. Now I am before you. Let us fight." I have given a retart.
Immediately I went to my mother, Satyavati and got her blessings. In the meanwhile, River Ganga, in human form, came down there and tried to pacify me and Parasurama and avert the fight. We both were stubborn. She went away. We both boarded our chariots. Akrutavarna was his charioteer. I bowed before my guru, Parasurama. We both started to fight with each other.
When Parasurama showered arrows on me, I cut them in the middle. I broke his bow. He took another bow. His body was drenched with blood and fainted. On seeing my Guru in such a situation, I cursed myself. In the meanwhile, Parsurama regained his senses. He launched a new Astra. I do not know about it. That Astra hit me on my chest and I fell down. My charioteer diverted my chariot to a lonely place. I regained consciousness and again began to fight with Parasurama. It went on for twenty two days.
I launched the great Astra, Sakti. Parasurama fainted. He gained consciousness and killed my charioteer and hit me with his arrows. I fell down on my chariot and lost consciousness.
At that time, eight Brahmins with whilte clothes came down and treated me. My mother, Ganga, was driving the chariot. I regained consciousness and bowed before my mother, Ganga. Handing over reins to me, she went disappeared.
On that night, those eight Brahmins appeared in my dream and gave me a powerful Astra, called Mohanaastra. I woke up.
Next day, when I appeared in the battle field, Parasurama heckled me saying "Yesterday, You left half dead. Why you have come again? Today I will finish you". So saying he showered arrows upon me. I broke those arrows in the middle and I launched Shakti aiming his chest. Parasurama fell unconscious. His charioteer Akrutavarna drove the chariot out of the battle field.
After regaining consciousness, Parasurama launched Brahmaastra upon me. I too retaliated with the same Brahmaastra. Both the Brahmastras were attacking each other and causing great havoc in the cosmos.
I tried to launch Mohanastra on Parasurama. At that time, Saint Narada came running to me and averted me from launching Mohanastra. The eight brahmins who were appearing now and then (later I came to know that they are Ashta Vasuvulu, my brothers) also requested me not to launch Mohanastra. I stopped the launching of Mohanastra.
Jamadagni, father of Parasurama and other heavenly bodies appeared before parasurama and said: "Parasurama! He is not an ordinary human being. He is one of the Vasuvu. Nobody on earth can conquer him. To kill him, Nara will take birth as Arjuna. You are a Brahmin. Why you are involved in this unnecessary war and wasting your power."
They later came to me and also tried to pacify me. I was so stubborn. I did not heed their words. My, mother, Ganga also came down to me and requested me to stop the war against my Guru. At last, they succeeded in stopping the fight between us. We retrieved our Brahmastras.
The eight brahmins who appeared in my dream again made their appearance and said: "Gangeya! Your Guru, Parasurama, is a great saint and also great warrior. First you go to him and take his blessings."
Narada and other heavenly bodies went to Parasurama and said "O Bhargava Rama! Devavrata is your student. Is it proper to fight with him. He has no grudge against you. Only for the sake of Amba he involved in this fight. Please excuse him" .
I immediately went to my Guru parasurama and prostrated before him touching his feet. He blessed me and hugged me.
"Amba! I have done what all I can do. Now you can seek your own remedy." said Parasurama toAmba.
Amba grew angry. "O Saint Parasurama! I never leave Bheeshma. I will do penance and kill Bheeshma, if not in this birth, even in my next birth. I will take revenge against him." So saying, she went away. I went back to Hastinapura.
Some years have elapsed. One day Saint Narada came to me. I enquired him about Amba. He told me thus:
"Gangeya! After leaving us, Amba went to the banks of River Yamuna and did penance with great devotion.
One day your mother Ganga went to her and asked her : "O Amba! Being a lady, why you are doing this penance?"
"To kill Bheeshma" Amba replied.
Your mother, Ganga, grew angry. "You will become a river and flow on this earth" cursed her.
Amba smiled at your mother. She did not care for the words of your mother, Ganga. She went to Matsya kingdom and continued her penance even more vigorously.
She spent half of her power acquired by doing penance and transformed into a river and flowed in Matsya land. With the remaining power, she retained her humanbody as it is, and continued her penance.
Lord Siva appeared before her. Amba prayed Lord Siva a boon to kill Beeshma.
"It will be done" Siva replied.
"How?" Amba questioned Siva.
"You will leave this body and enter the womb of Drupada queesn and take birth as her daughter. Later you will transform into male in the name of Sikhandi. You will become a great hero with great prowess. In the war with Bheeshma, you will kill him." said Sive and disappeared.
Amba collected some dry branches and leaves and heaped them into a pyre, lit fire, and jumped into it saying repeatedly "I should kill Bheeshma-- I should Bheeshma" and consigned herself to flames.
King Drupada, king of Panchala, was issueless. For some reason or other, King Drupada bore grudge against Bheeshma. King Drupada did penance with an intention to kill Bheeshma. Lord Siva appeared before him and asked him "What do you want?" Drupada prayed for a son who can kill Beeshma. Lord Shiva blessed him with a daughter who will transform into son in later years and kill Bheeshma in war. Then Lord Shiva disappeared.
With the blessings of Lord Shiva, Drupada begot a daughter. But King Drupada and his wife revelaed to the outside world that a son was born to them. They brought up their daughter as a son. He was named as Sikhandi. Sikhandi learnt archery under the guidance of Drona.
Sikhandi attained marriageable age. King Drupada was very much annoyed as Sikhandi so far has not attained manliness as per the blessings of Lord Siva. Instead, Sikhandi attained puberty. They wanted to perform the marriage of Sikhandi with another female, with the fond hope that Sikhandi will attain manliness. They strongly believe that the blessings of Lord Shiva will not go in vain.
.King Drupada fixed the marriage of Sikhandi with the daughter of King Hema Varma, king of Dasaarna. The marriage was performed. The daughter in law set her foot in the palace of Sikhandi. She suspected the strange behaviour of Sikhandi. Atlast, she could come to know that Sikhandi was a woman but not a man. She pretended innocence as if she does not know anything.
Unable to keept it as secret, she revealed this to her maid servant. That servant maid faithfully carried the same to King Dasarna. King Dasarna sent a mediator to King Drupada to tell him thus:
"King Drupada! you performed the marriage of your daughter with my daughter, concealing the fact that your son, Sikhandi, is female.. You cheated us. What you have gained by this, except insults and insinuations. Our King Hema Varma is a great warriar and valiant hero. Atleast you fight with him and prove your manliness." conveyed the mediator.
"What is this? Who told you that my son is a female. Will it happen like this anywhere? You tell your king that it is all false and he is mistaken." said Drupada.
The mediator went back and told the same to Hema Varma. Hema Varma grew grew. He proceeded towards Pancala with his armed forces and surrounded it. Sikhandi could not bear this insult. One mid night he went into a nearby forest for committing suicide.
In that forest, one Yaksha called Sthoola karna was staying with his men. No body will dare enough to enter that forest, because he never returns back alive. Sthoola Karna understood that Sikhandi entered the forest, not caring for her life.
"O lady! who are you? Why you entered this forest, not caring even for your life? " asked Sthoola Karna.
"I am a lady. My name is Sikhandi. As per the blessings of Lord Siva, I have to transform into a male. With that hope, I married another lady. Now I want to prove myself as man. I want manliness. Otherwise, I will die." said Sikhandi her entire story.
"It is not at all a problem. I will give my manliness to you but on one condition. You prove yourself as a man before Hema Varma and your wife. Enjoy the life as a man for ten days. Then you should return back my manliness and become a lady." said Sthoola Karna.
Sikhandi gladly agreed for that. Sikhandi attained manliness and Sthoola Karna transformed into a lady. Sikhandi went back to his palace and proved himself as a man before his parents. They also felt happy.
Next day they sent word to Hema Varma. Hema Varma along with his daughter came down to the palace of Drupada and found Sikhandi as a complete man. He apologized Drupada.
Two days later, Kubera, the Yaksha King visited the place of Sthoola Karna. Sthoola karna did not come out to receive Kubera but remained inside with shyness. Kubera forced him to come out. Sthoola Karna, in the form of a lady, came out and told Kubera what had happened. Kubera realised everything.
"Sthoola Karna! it is nothing but divine act. You cannot avoid it. You should remain as a lady throughout your life and Sikhandi will retain your manliness. " said Kubera.
Sthoola Karna fell on his feet and prayed for mercy. Kubera blessed him. "Sthoola Karna, dont worry. Sikhandi will remain as Man throughout his life. He will kill Bheeshma in war. Soon after the death of Sikhandi, you will regain your manliness" said Kubera and went away.
On expiry of ten days, Sikhandi came down to Sthoola Karna and offered back his manliness.
"Sikhandi! you are fortunate. Retain my manliness throughout your life. It is a God's gift to you." said Sthoola Karna.
The joy of Sikhandi knew no bounds. He returned back to his city, and informed his parents what had happened. He perfomed many Pojaas and Vratas and worshipped Brahmins, deities and his Gurus. Later Drona gave Sikhandi many Astras and Sastras and made a great hero in archery."
In this manner I came to know about the entire story of Amba and Sikhandi through Saint Narada. Therefore, Suyodhana, Amba, daughter of King Kasi, took birth as Sikhandi with the avowed object of killing me in war.
But I got my own principles. I will never fight with ladies, or persons with the names of ladies or a person who was born as a lady and later transformed into a male. I will abide by my principles under any circumstances, even at the risk of my life." said Bheeshma to Suyodhana.
Suyodhana was very much pleased in his mind with the manliness and principles of his grandfather, Bheeshma.
"O My dear Grand Father! can I ask you how many days it will take for you to destroy the entire army of Pandavas? Similarly, within which time Drona, Krupa Asvathama and Karna will conquer the enemy " asked Suyodhana.
"Suyodhana! you are trying to assess our strength, ability and prowess. It is good. As far as I am concerned, I will kill one thousand Radhikas per day. Till I fall down on earth with the arrows of Arjuna, I will fight. I got the capacity of killing ten thousand warriors per day. Therefore, I can kill the entire Seven Akshouhini army within one month. You ask others about their capacity." said Bheeshma.
Then Suyodhana turned to Drona and others and asked them about their capacity to kill the army of the enemy.
"O King Suyodhana! I am an aged person. I will also take one month to kill the entire Pandava Army" said Drona.
Krupacharya said that he will take two months. Asvathaama with greatest pride said that he can kill the entire Pandava army within one month. Karna boasted himself that he can kill the Seven Akshouhini army within five days.
Bheesham laughed at him. "O son of Soota! Better talk less and act more. You will not stop boasting yourself until you hear the thundering sound of Gandeeva of Arjuna." said Bheeshma.
In the camp of Pandavas, Dharmaja also was assessing the fighting capacity of each and every warrior. In the meanwhile he received the entire information from the camp of Suyodhana, through his spies.
"Arjuna! just now I received valuable information from the camp of Kouravas. Bheeshma said that he will kill our entire army within one month. Similarly Drona said that he will do it within one month and Krupacharya within two months, Asvathaama in ten days and Karna in five days. Tell me in how many days you can kill the entire eleven Akshouhini kourava army? What is your capacity?" asked Dharmaja.
Arjuna smiled and said: "Brother Dharmaja! Bheeshma and Drona are great warriors, Maha Radhas. Nothing wrong in their telling like that. Words are different from deeds. You know my vigor and valour. I can tell that I can smash the entire Kuru army in a minute with the help of Sri Krishna. I fought with Lord Siva and got Pasupatha Astra. Either Bheeshma, or Drona, Karna and Asvathaama, does not know about its power. It will destroy the entire earth in no time. Not even a single being will remain alive. But I will never use it. I cannot belittle my prowess.
I will get name and fame if I fight with my own strength and prowess. You need not worry about it. On our side, Bheema, Nakula, Sahadeva, Abhimanyu, sons of Droupadi, Satyaki, Virata, Drupada, Dhrushtadyumna, Sikhandi, Uttamouja, Yudhaamanyu, Ghatotkacha, and other Athi Radhas and Maha Radhas are there.
You do not know how powerful you are. If you get angry, you can smash the entire Kuru army in no time. Therefore, victory is ours. You need not worry." said Arjuna.
In this manner, Sanjaya told Dhrutarashtra about the preparations for war.
Saint Vaisampaayana continued to tell the story of Maha Bharata to Janamejaya.
MAHA BHARATA,
Udyoga Parva,
Fourth chapter completed.
With this Fourth chapter, Udyoga Parva is completed. On completion of Udyoga Parva,
Adi Pancakam (first five chapters in Maha Bharata)
is completed.
Om Tatsat Om Tatsat Om Tatsat.

(With the choicest blessings of
Lord Venkateswara,
God the Almighty,
and also with the kind benevolence of
Sri K.V.Raghava Rao Garu
and
Sri M.Vishnu Prasad Garu,
and
with all your blessings,
I could complete Adi Panchakam
(i.e., Adi, Sabha, Aranya, Virata,Udyoga Parvas)
in Maha Bharata.
I commenced this task at my 65th year.
I pray God the Almighty to give me strength
to complete this task successfully.
M.V.Subrahmanyam, Hyderabad.)
We have so far read in Maha Bharata, many stories relating to several kings. Those kings belong to TwoVamsas. They are Soorya Vamsa and ChandraVamsa. Some of us do not know the origin of these twoVamsas. Let is examine the geneological tree of these twoVamsas.
Soorya Vamsa.
Sree Maha Vishnu
Brahma
Mareechi
Kasyapa, his wife-- Aditi.
Soorya (Sun), his wife-- Sanjna.
Vaivasvsvata Manuvu, his wife-- Sraddha.

Ikshvaaku Ilaa(lady) Saryaati Subhaaga
(later transformed (grandson)
into Sudyumna)

Grand son son Chyavana.
Kaakutsa
Ambareesha.
Kaakutsa's
16th descendant
Maandhaatha.
Maandhaatha wife Bindumati
He got three sons and 50 daughters
Elder son Purukutsu
Purukutsu's 7th descendant Trishanka
Trishanka's son Harischandra
Harischandra's 8th descendant Sagara
Sagara's grand son Amsumanta
Amsumanta's grand son Bhageeratha
Bhageeratha's 5th descendant Rutuparna
Rutuparna's 6th descendant Khatvanga.
Khatvanga's grand son King Raghu.
King Raghu's grand son King Dasaradha
King Dasaradha's four sons are
SriRama, Lakshmana, Bharata, Satrughna.
Sri Rama's sons, Lava and Kusa.
Lakshmana's sons Angada, Chandra keta.
Bharata's sons Daksha,Pushkala
Satrughna's sons Subaahu, Srutasena.
Because all the above kings descended from the origin,Soorya (Sun), it is called Soorya Vamsa. As far as we know, in Soorya Vamsa, the last king in Tretayuga, was Sreerama Chandra. Later,in Dvaapara Yuga, there were Pandavas,Kouravas, Sri Krishna etc. Kings. They belong to Chandra Vamsa Kings. Let us examine the geneological tree of Chandra Vamsa Kings.
CHANDRA VAMSA.
Sree Maha Vishnu
Brahma
Atri
Chandra--Taara
Budha—Ila (lady)
Emperor Puroorava
Puroorava's 12th descendant Gaadhi. His son Visvaamatra.
Puroorava's son --Aayuvu
Aayuvu's son --Nahusha
Nahusha' son – Yayaati.
Yayati's wife Devayani. Yayati servant maid Sharmishta.
Yayati got two sons through Devayani,
Yadu, Turvasa. Yayati got three sons through Sharmishta
Druhya, Anuvu, Poora.
Yadu's 44th descendant
AAhuka Yadu's 10th descendant was Krutaveerya. His son was Kaarveeryaarjuna. Poora's 14th descendant Dushyanta.
AAhuka got two sons—First son was
Devaka
Aahuka's second son
was Ugrasena Dushyanta married Sakuntala. Their son Bharata.
Devaka's daugher
married Vasudeva. Ugrasena's son was Kamsa. Bharata's 5th descendant Ranti Deva.
The 44th descendant of Yadu was Saatvata. Bharatha's grand son Brihatkshatra.
Saatvata's 12th descendant was Soorasena. Soorasena got 10 sons and five daughters. Soorasena got five daughters. They are-- Brihatkshatra's grand son Hasti.
In his name Hastinapuram was built
Soorasena's elder son was Vasudeva.
He married Devaki, daughter of Devaka.
He also married Rohini. (1)Prudha married King Pandu.
Their sons are Pandavas. Hasti's son Ajaameedha
The son of Devaki and Vasudeva was Sri Krishna and daughter, Subhadra. (2)Srutadeva married Vruddha Sarma. Their son was Dantavaktra. Ajaameedha's grand son Samvarana
The sons of Vasudeva and Rohinni were Balarama, Gadha and Sarana.. (3)Srutakeerti married Drushtaketu. Their sons were Pratyardhana and others. Samvarana's son Kuru. In his name Kuru Vamsa started. Kurukshetra was named after him.
(4)Srutasravasa married Damaghosha and their son was Sisupala. Kuru's 13th descendant Santana
(5)Raajaadhi Devi married Jayasena.Their sons are Vin and Anuvinda Santana's son through Ganga was Devavrata (Bheeshma)
Santana's sons through Satyavati were Chitrangada, Vichitraveerya.
Vichitraveerya"s sons are Dhrutarashtra and King Pandu

Dhrutarashtra got 100 sons, Suyodhana etc and one daughter Dussala.

King Pandu got five sons, Dharmaraja, Bheema, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva.
Arjuna's son Abhimanyu
Abhimanyu's son Pareekshat
Pareekshat's son Janamejaya to whom Maha Bharata was narrated by Saint Vaisampaayana.

All the above kings belong to Chandra Vamsa.
The descendants of Yadu are called Yadus or Yadavas.
The descendants of Kuru are called Kouravas.
As seen above, King Soonasena's eldest son was Vasudeva and eldest daughter was Prudha.
Soorasena gave his eldest daughter Prudha to his friend, King Kunti Bhoja as gift. Prudha was brougut up by Kuntibhoja. Hence she was called Kunti.
As Prudha was the sister of Vasudeva, Sri Krishna calls her as "paternal aunt" (atta).
Sruthasravasa was the sister of Prudha (Kunti). Her son was Sisupaala. Hence Sisupala was the paternal aunt's son of Sri Krishna.
This is the geneogolical tree of the Kings of Soorya Vamsa and Chandra Vamsa.
The story of Maha Bharata was narrated by Saint Vaisampaayana to King Janamejaya.
Om Tat Sat

(Continued...)
(My humble salutations to Brahmasri M V Subrahmanyam     for the collection)